In an ongoing series of articles, I have been exploring the much-debated question of the origins of proto-Sunnī Hadith criticism: in Part 1 (here), I summarised the relevant lists and reports recorded in the traditional Sunnī sources; in Part 2 (here), I summarised the last century or so of secular scholarship thereon, canvasing all of the relevant issues and debates; and in Part 3 (forthcoming), I will give my own interpretation of the evidence.
As part of my PhD research on the infamous hadith of the marriage of ʿĀʾišah marriage to the Prophet at a young age (discussed here), I created my own biographical dictionary, a database of biographical summaries on every single tradent who appears in every isnad for every version of the hadith. Each entry included, where available, the full name, regional provenance, sectarian affiliation, relevant masters and pupils, dates of death and birth, and reputations of the tradent in question, all culled from various Hadith-related prosopographical sources (such as al-Ḏahabī’s Siyar ʾAʿlām al-Nubalāʾ). This biographical dictionary comprises 346 entries (according to my last count), most of which include the recorded judgements of Hadith critics and others’ regarding the tradents in question, amounting to 1,085 separate judgements in total.
I initially intended to include a summary of these judgements in Part 3 of my ongoing series: given that these judgements represent a large sample of tradent-critical judgements, they could potentially shed light on the question of exactly when proto-Sunnī Hadith criticism first arose. In other words, this set of evidence could potentially reveal which early figure first began to be systematically cited for their judgements of hadiths and tradents, and also, whether the judgements ascribed to early figures tend to use the technical language of Hadith criticism.
Given that even a summary of these judgements proved to be extremely lengthy, however, I opted to make this summary its own separate article, outlining an additional set of relevant evidence before I finally give my own overall view in Part 3. Thus, what follows is a summary of the Hadith critics and other figures who are cited for judgements, followed by an analysis thereof.
Before proceeding, there are several points to be made about the data presented herein. Firstly, I have not provided any direct sources for any of the cited judgements in the anthology: the present article is merely a summary of the judgements collated in a private biographical dictionary (i.e., one that is not yet publicly available), which in turn cites all of the relevant sources. Still, by using a database like Shamela or Hawramani, it should be easy enough to find any given judgement cited herein.
Secondly, there are doubtless some judgments of the transmitters of my chosen hadith that I missed in the course of my collation. However, such occasional omissions will be random (i.e., not thereby disproportionately omitting any specific demographic), such that my sample of 1,000+ judgements should still be able to tell us something meaningful about early Hadith criticism.
Thirdly, I included herein alleged Hadith critics and other famous Hadith scholars who might have been expected to have produced relevant judgements but did not, or in other words: alongside all of the judgements, I have noted the absence of judgements on the part of notable and relevant figures. Such absences are crucial for the purposes of my overall project, since they can potentially help us to pinpoint when Hadith criticism arose.
Fourthly, not all of the figures cited herein were actually proper Hadith critics or even proper traditionists (muḥaddiṯūn) per se, as can be discerned from their lives, contexts, works, interests, etc. This will be taken into account in the final analysis.
Fifthly, not all of the judgements included herein are technical Hadith-critical judgements, or even—in some cases—necessarily tradent-related judgements at all. In order not to omit potentially relevant information, however, I have opted to include even judgements or statements that are only superficially or tangentially related to Hadith (e.g., vague statements that so-and-so was “a great scholar” or had “good speech” or was “the best”). This will be especially relevant to the earliest figures under consideration, where the absence of judgements will count the most towards our ultimate conclusion—thus, the need to include anything that might be evidence for their being Hadith critics. It will also be significant if certain figures are only attributed statements that are only superficially or tangentially related to Hadith, rather than technical judgements.
With these caveats out of the way, we can now proceed to an anthology of the 1,085 judgements under consideration, followed by a summary thereof, followed by an analysis of the implications of this material for the question of the origins or emergence of proto-Sunnī Hadith criticism.
Anthology of the Judgements
al-Šaʿbī
ʾAbū ʿAmr ʿĀmir b. Šarāḥīl al-Šaʿbī; Kufan; b. 21/641-642; d. 103-106/721-725 or 110/728-729.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
Ibn Sīrīn
ʾAbū Bakr Muḥammad b. Sīrīn; Basran; b. 32/653; d. 110/729.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq
ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq ʿAmr b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Hamdānī al-Sabīʿī; Kufan; d. 127-128/744-746.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Regarding ʾAbū ʿUbaydah, ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq and others waṯṯaqū-hu
ʾAyyūb al-Saḵtiyānī
ʾAbū Bakr ʾAyyūb b. ʾabī Tamīmah Kaysān al-Saḵtiyānī; Basran; b. 68/687-688; d. 131-132/748-750.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=932&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 0
Muḡīrah
ʾAbū Hišām Muḡīrah b. Miqsam al-Ḍabbī; Kufan; d. 133-134/750-752.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq & al-ʾAʿmaš = ʾafsada ḥadīṯ ʾahl al-kūfah
Ibn ʿAwn
ʾAbū ʿAwn ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAwn b. ʾArṭabān; Basran; b. 66/685-686; d. 150-151/767-768.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
al-ʾAwzāʿī
ʾAbū ʿAmr ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAmr al-ʾAwzāʿī; Syrian; b. 88/706-707 or 93/711-712; d. 151/768, or 156/772-773, or 157/773-774.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
Šuʿbah
ʾAbū Bisṭām Šuʿbah b. al-Ḥajjāj b. Ward; Basran; b. 80-82/699-702; d. 160/777.
JUDGEMENTS: 4
- Šuʿbah said to ʾAbū ʿAwānah al-Waḍḍāḥ: kitābu-ka ṣāliḥ wa-ḥifẓu-ka lā yaswá šayʾan
- Sufyān al-Ṯawrī = ʾamīr al-muʾminīn fī al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAlī b. Zayd b. Judʿān = raffāʿ
- Ibn ʾIsḥāq = ʾamīr al-muʾminīn fī al-ḥadīṯ
Sufyān al-Ṯawrī
ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Sufyān b. Saʿīd b. Masrūq; Kufan; b. 97/715-716; d. 161-162/777-779.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū al-Zinād = ʾamīr al-muʾminīn fī al-ḥadīṯ
Ḥammād b. Salamah
ʾAbū Salamah Ḥammād b. Salamah; Basran; d. 167/784.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
Mālik
ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Mālik b. ʾAnas b. Mālik; Madinan; b. 93/711-712; d. 179/795.
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = ʿalay-ka
- Ibn ʾIsḥāq = dajjāl min al-dajājilah
Ḥammād b. Zayd
ʾAbū ʾIsmāʿīl Ḥammād b. Zayd b. Dirham; Basran; b. 98/716-717; d. 179/795.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
Ibn al-Mubārak
ʾAbū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Mubārak b. Wāḍiḥ; Marwazī, but travelled widely; b. 118-119/736-737; d. 181/797.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq & al-ʾAʿmaš = ʾafsada ḥadīṯ ʾahl al-kūfah
al-Nuʿmān b. ʿAbd al-Salām
ʾAbū al-Munḏir al-Nuʿmān b. ʿAbd al-Salām al-Taymī; Isfahanian; d. 183/799-800.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=1417&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū Dāwūd al-Ṭayālisī = ṯiqah maʾmūn
ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq al-Fazārī
ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq ʾIbrāhīm b. Muḥammad al-Fazārī; Syrian; d. 185-188/801-804.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=1442&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 0
al-Darāwardī
ʾAbū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Muḥammad al-Darāwardī; Madinan; d. 187/802-803.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- al-Wāqidī = ʾamīr al-muʾminīn fī al-ḥadīṯ
Wakīʿ
ʾAbū Sufyān Wakīʿ b. al-Jarrāḥ b. Malīḥ; Kufan; b. 128/745-746; d. 196-197/812.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
Yaḥyá al-Qaṭṭān
ʾAbū Saʿīd Yaḥyá b. Saʿīdal-Qaṭṭān; Basran; b. 120/737-738; d. 198/813.
JUDGEMENTS: 5
- ʾAbū Šihāb al-Ḥannāṭ = laysa/lam yakun bi-al-ḥāfiẓ
- al-ʾAʿmaš = ʿallāmat al-ʾislām
- Ibn Šihāb al-Zuhrī = mā baqiya ʿinda ʾaḥad min al-ʿilm mā baqiya ʿinda ibn šihāb
- Yaḥyá al-Qaṭṭān lā yuḥaddiṯu ʿan ʾIsrāʾīl b. Yūnus
- Hišām b. ʿUrwah = criticised by an oneiric Mālik: mā ḥaddaṯa baʿda-mā ḵaraja min ʿindi-nā fa-ka-ʾanna-hu yuwahhinu-hu
Ibn Mahdī
ʾAbū Saʿīd ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mahdī; Basran; b. 135/752-753; d. 198/814.
JUDGEMENTS: 6
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. ʾabī Ḵālid = ṯiqah
- Ḥammād b. Zayd = the ʾimām of the people of Basrah in his time
- Ḥammād b. Zayd = ʾaʿlam in Hadith
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = ḍaʿīf
- Ibn Mahdī lā yuḥaddiṯu ʿan Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād
- Wuhayb = min ʾabṣar in Hadith and tradents
Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah
ʾAbū Muḥammad Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah; Kufo-Meccan; b. 107/725; d. 198/814.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
ʾAbū ʿĀmir al-ʿAqadī
ʾAbū ʿĀmir ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿAmr al-ʿAqadī; Basran; d. 204/819-820.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Maymūn = taʿrifu wa-tunkiru his Hadith
al-Šāfiʿī
ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. ʾIdrīs al-Šāfiʿī; Hijazo-Egyptian; b. 150/767; d. 204/820.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- al-Wāqidī’s writings were kaḏib
Yazīd b. Hārūn
ʾAbū Ḵālid Yazīd b. Hārūn; Wasitian; b. 118/736; d. 206/821.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- al-Wāqidī = ṯiqah
ʾAbū Mushir
ʾAbū Mushir ʿAbd al-ʾAʿlá b. Mushir b. ʿAbd al-ʾAʿlá b. Mushir al-Ḡassānī; Damascene; one of the ʾaṣḥāb ḥadīṯ; transmitted from Ibn ʿUyaynah; b. 140/757; d. 218/833.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=1735&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 0
al-Faḍl b. Dukayn
ʾAbū Nuʿaym al-Faḍl b. Dukayn al-Mulāʾī; Kufan; b. 130/748; d. 218-219/833-834.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū Bakr b. ʿAyyāš = lam yakun fī šuyūḵi-nā ʾaḥad ʾakṯar ḡalaṭan min ʾabī bakr
ʾAbū al-Walīd al-Ṭayālisī
ʾAbū al-Walīd Hišām b. ʿAbd al-Malik; al-Ṭayālisī; Basran; b. 133/750-751; d. 227/842.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Mūsá b. ʾIsmāʿīl = ṯiqah ṣadūq
ʿUbayd b. Yaʿīš
ʾAbū Muḥammad ʿUbayd b. Yaʿīš; Kufan; d. 229/844.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Yūnus b. Bukayr = ṯiqah
Ibn Saʿd
ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. Saʿd b. Manīʿ; Basro-Baghdadian; b. c. 168/784; d. 230/845.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=1917&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 37
- Ibn Wahb = ṯiqah
- Ibn Wahb = kāna yudallisu
- ʾAbū al-Rijāl = ṯiqah
- al-Ṭayālisī = ṯiqah but rubba-mā ḡaliṭa
- ʾAbū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū Salamah = ṯiqah
- al-ʾAjlaḥ = ḍaʿīf jiddan
- Jarīr b. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd = ṯiqah kaṯīr al-ʿilm
- Jaʿfar b. Burqān = ṯiqah ṣadūq but kaṯīr al-ḵaṭaʾ fī ḥadīṯi-hi
- Jaʿfar b. Sulaymān = ṯiqah but fī-hi ḍaʿf
- Ḥusayn b. Wāqid = ḥasan al-ḥadīṯ
- al-Ḥumaydī = ṯiqah
- Saʿīd b. Sulaymān = ṯiqah
- Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah = ṯiqah ṯabt
- ʿAbṯar b. al-Qāsim = ṯiqah
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = kāna yaḍʿufu li-riwāyati-hi from his father
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = ḍaʿīf
- ʿAbd al-Ṣamad b. ʿAbd al-Wāriṯ = ṯiqah
- ʿAbdah b. Sulaymān = ṯiqah
- ʿUrwah = ṯiqah ṯabt maʾmūn
- ʿAlī b. Mushir = ṯiqah
- ʿUmārah b. Ḡaziyyah = ṯiqah
- al-Qāsim b. Muḥammad = ṯiqah
- Kaṯīr b. Hišām = ṯiqah ṣadūq
- al-Ṭanāfisī = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. ʾIbrāhīm al-Taymī = ṯiqah
- Ibn ʾIsḥāq = ṯiqah
- Muslim b. ʾIbrāhīm = ṯiqah
- Muṣʿab b. Saʿd = ṯiqah
- al-Muṭṭalib b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥanṭab = yursilu kaṯīran
- Muʿāḏ b. Muʿāḏ = ṯiqah
- Muʿāwiyah b. Hišām = ṣadūq
- Mūsá b. ʾIsmāʿīl = ṯiqah
- Hišām b. ʿUrwah = ṯiqah ṯabt ḥujjah
- Wakīʿ = ṯiqah maʾmūn ḥujjah
- Wuhayb = ṯiqah ḥujjah
- Yaḥyá b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān = ṯiqah
Ibn ʿAmmār al-Mawṣilī
ʾAbū Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAmmār; Mawṣilī; b. post-160/776-777; d. 231/845-846.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2081&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- Kaṯīr b. Zayd = ṯiqah
- Kaṯīr b. Hišām = ṯiqah
Ibn Maʿīn
ʾAbū Zakariyyāʾ Yaḥyá b. Maʿīn; Baghdadian; b. 158/774-775; d. 233/848.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=1961&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 132
- ʾAbān b. Yazīd = ṯiqah
- Ibn ʾabī ʿArūbah = amongst ʾaṯbāt al-nās concerning Qatādah
- Ibn ʾabī ʿArūbah = ṯiqah
- Ibn Buraydah = ṯiqah
- Ibn Saʿd = disseminated a certain kaḏib hadith
- Ibn Wahb = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū ʾAḥmad al-Zubayrī = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū ʾAḥmad al-Zubayrī = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- ʾAbū ʾUsāmah = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū al-Jawwāb al-ʾAḥwaṣ = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū al-Jawwāb al-ʾAḥwaṣ = laysa bi-ḏāka al-qawiyy
- ʾAbū al-Rijāl = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū al-Zinād = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū al-Zinād = ṯiqah ḥujjah
- ʾAbū Bakr b. ʿAyyāš = ḍaʿīf
- ʾAbū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū Ḵayṯamah Zuhayr = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū Saʿd al-Baqqāl = laysa bi-šayʾ
- ʾAbū Saʿd al-Baqqāl = ḍaʿīf
- ʾAbū Šihāb al-Ḥannāṭ = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū Ṣāliḥ Mīzān = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- al-ʾAjlaḥ = ṯiqah
- al-ʾAjlaḥ = ṣāliḥ
- al-ʾAjlaḥ = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- ʾIsrāʾīl b. Yūnus = ṯiqah
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. ʾabī Ḵālid = ṯiqah
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. ʾUmayyah = ṯiqah
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. Zakariyyāʾ = ṯiqah
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. Zakariyyāʾ = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. Zakariyyāʾ = ḍaʿīf
- al-ʾAswad b. Yazīd = ṯiqah
- al-ʾAʿmaš = ṯiqah
- Jaʿfar b. Burqān = ṯiqah
- Jaʿfar b. Burqān = laysa bi-šayʾ concerning the Hadith of al-Zuhrī
- Jaʿfar b. Sulaymān = ṯiqah
- al-Ḥasan b. Ḥayy = ṯiqah
- al-Ḥasan b. Ḥayy = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- al-Ḥasan b. Ḥayy = ṯiqah mustaqīm al-ḥadīṯ
- Ḥusayn b. Wāqid = ṯiqah
- Ḥammād b. Zayd = no one was ʾaṯbat than him
- Ḥammād b. Salamah = ṯiqah
- Ḵalaf b. Hišām = ṯiqah
- Dāwūd b. ʿAmr = lā baʾs bi-hi / laysa bi-hi baʾs
- Ziyād al-Bakkāʾī = lā baʾs bi-hi fī al-maḡāzī
- Ziyād al-Bakkāʾī = laysa bi-šayʾ wa-qad katabtu ʿan-hu al-maḡāzī
- Saʿd b. ʾIbrāhīm = ṯiqah
- Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān = ṯiqah
- Sulaymān b. ʾabī Sulaymān = ṯiqah ḥujjah
- Suwayd b. Saʿīd = ḥalāl al-dam
- al-Šāfiʿī = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- Šarīk = ṯabat
- ʿAbṯar b. al-Qāsim = ṯiqah
- ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī al-Rijāl = ṯiqah
- ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī al-Rijāl = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = ʾaṯbat al-nās concerning Hišām
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = laysa bi-šayʾ
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = ḍaʿīf
- Ibn Mahdī was astonished by those who yaʿuddu Fulayḥ and Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād fī al-muḥaddiṯīn
- ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. al-ʾAswad = ṯiqah
- Ibn al-Ḡusayl = ṣuwayliḥ
- ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Ṣāliḥ al-ʾAzdī = ṯiqah
- al-Muḥāribī = ṯiqah
- al-Muḥāribī = la-hu ʾaḥādīṯ manākīr ʿan al-majhūlīn
- ʿAbd al-Raḥīm b. Sulaymān = ṯiqah
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = ṯiqah lā baʾs bi-hi
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = ʾaʿlam regarding Maʿmar
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = laysa bi-al-qawiyy
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = the only one who transmitted a certain munkar hadith
- ʿAbd Allāh b. ʾIdrīs = ṯiqah
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Rajāʾ = ṣadūq lā baʾs bi-hi
- ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Yazīd = lā baʾs bi-hi
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. ʿUqayl = ḍaʿīf
- ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr = muḵalliṭ
- ʿAbd al-Wahhāb b. ʿAṭāʾ = ṯiqah
- al-ʿIjlī = ṯiqah ibn ṯiqah
- ʿAlī b. Zayd b. Judʿān = laysa bi-šayʾ
- ʿAlī b. Zayd b. Judʿān = laysa bi-ḏāka al-qawiyy
- ʿAlī b. Mushir = ṯiqah
- ʿUmārah b. Ḡaziyyah = ṣāliḥ
- al-Faḍl b. Dukayn = one of the ʾaṯbat of transmitters
- Qabīṣah = ṯiqah fī kull šayʾ ʾillā fī ḥadīṯ sufyān fa-laysa bi-ḏāka al-qawiyy, because he heard from him when he was very young
- Qutaybah b. Saʿīd = ṯiqah
- Kaṯīr b. Zayd = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- Kaṯīr b. Zayd = laysa bi-ḏāka
- Kaṯīr b. Hišām = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad the nephew of al-Zuhrī = laysa bi-ḏāka al-qawiyy
- Muḥammad the nephew of al-Zuhrī = ḍaʿīf
- al-Ṭanāfisī = ṯiqah
- al-Ṭanāfisī = kayyis
- Muḥammad b. ʾIbrāhīm al-Taymī = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-ʾAsadī = laysa bi-šayʾ
- Muḥammad b. Bišr = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. Ḥumayd al-Yaškurī = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. Ḥumayd al-Yaškurī = ṣadūq
- Muḥammad b. Sābiq = ḍaʿīf
- al-Wāqidī = laysa bi-šayʾ
- Muḥammad b. ʿAmr = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. Yazīd = ṯiqah
- Marwān b. Muʿāwiyah = ṯiqah
- Marwān b. Muʿāwiyah = mā raʾaytu ʾaḥyal li-l-tadlīs min-hu
- Muslim b. ʾIbrāhīm = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- Muṣʿab b. ʿAbd Allāh = ṯiqah
- Muʿāḏ b. Muʿāḏ = ṯiqah
- Muʿāwiyah b. Hišām = ṣāliḥ wa-laysa bi-ḏāka
- Maʿmar = his Hadith from Ibn Ṭāwūs and al-Zuhrī are mustaqīm, whereas his Hadith from Ṯābit, ʿĀṣim, and Hišām are muḍṭarib kaṯīr al-ʾawhām
- Mūsá b. ʾIsmāʿīl = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- Hudbah b. Ḵālid = ṯiqah
- Hišām b. ʿUrwah = ṯiqah
- Hišām b. ʿAmmār = ṯiqah
- Hišām b. ʿAmmār = kayyis kayyis
- Hišām b. ʿAmmār = laysa bi-al-kaḏūb
- al-Hayṯam b. ʿAdī al-Ṭāʾī = kaḏḏāb
- Wakīʿ = al-ṯabat
- Yaḥyá al-Ḥimmānī = ṯiqah
- Yaḥyá al-Ḥimmānī = ṣadūq ṯiqah
- Yaḥyá al-Ḥimmānī = ṣadūq mašhūr
- Yaḥyá b. ʾÂdam = ṯiqah
- Yaḥyá b. ʾAkṯam = kāna yakḏibu
- Yaḥyá b. ʾAyyūb = ṯiqah
- Yaḥyá b. ʾAyyūb = ṣāliḥ
- Yaḥyá b. Zakariyyāʾ = ṯiqah
- Yaḥyá b. Saʿīd b. ʾAbān = ṯiqah
- Yaḥyá b. Hāšim = kaḏḏāb
- Yaʿqūb b. Ḥumayd b. Kāsib = ṯiqah
- Yaʿqūb b. Ḥumayd b. Kāsib = laysa bi-šayʾ
- Yaʿqūb b. Ḥumayd b. Kāsib = laysa bi-ṯiqah
- Yazīd b. Hārūn = ṯiqah
- Yūnus b. Bukayr = ṯiqah
- Yūnus b. Bukayr = ṯiqah ṣadūq
- Yūnus b. Bukayr = ṣadūq
- Yūnus b. Bukayr = laysa bi-hi baʾs
Ibn al-Madīnī
ʾAbū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Madīnī; Basran; b. 161/777-778; d. 234/849.
JUDGEMENTS: 14
- ʾIsrāʾīl b. Yūnus = ḍaʿīf
- Ḥammād b. Salamah = ḥujjah
- Zayd b. al-Ḥubāb = ṯiqah
- Suwayd b. Saʿīd = laysa bi-šayʾ
- ʿAbṯar b. al-Qāsim = šayḵ ṯiqah
- ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Maymūn = ḍaʿīf
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = his Hadith as transmitted by Sulaymān b. Dāwūd are muqāribah
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = his Hadith in Madinah are muqārib, and his Hadith in Iraq are muḍṭarib
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = his Hadith in Madinah are ṣaḥīḥ, and his Hadith in Baghdad were ʾafsada by the Baghdadians
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = ḍaʿīf
- al-Wāqidī had 1,000 Hadith lam ʾasmaʿ bi-hā, such that Ibn al-Madīnī did not transmit from him and ḍaʿʿafa-hu
- Marwān b. Muʿāwiyah = ṯiqah fī-mā rawá ʿan al-maʿrūfīn wa-ḍaʿʿafa-hu fī-mā rawá ʿan al-majhūlīn
- Muṭarrif b. Ṭarīf = ṯiqah
- Yaḥyá b. Zakariyyāʾ = ṯiqah
Ibn Numayr
ʾAbū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Numayr; Kufan; b. c. 160/776-777; d. 234/849.
JUDGEMENTS: 8
- ʾAbū ʾAḥmad al-Zubayrī = ṣadūq, mā ʿalimtu ʾillā ḵayran, mašhūr bi-al-ṭalab, ṯiqah, ṣaḥīḥ al-kitāb
- Bakr b. Yūnus = ṯiqah
- Jaʿfar b. Burqān = ṯiqah, but his Hadith from al-Zuhrī are muḍṭaribah
- Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān = ṯiqah
- ʿAbṯar b. al-Qāsim = ṯiqah
- ʿAbd al-Ṣamad b. ʿAbd al-Wāriṯ = ṯiqah
- Regarding al-Wāqidī, Ibn Numayr taraka-hu
- Yūnus b. Bukayr = ṯiqah
ʾAbū Ḵayṯamah
ʾAbū Ḵayṯamah Zuhayr b. Ḥarb; Khurasanian-Baghdadian; b. 160/776-777; d. 234/849.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Muḥammad b. Ḥumayd al-Yaškurī = ṯiqah
ʾAbū Bakr b. ʾabī Šaybah
ʾAbū Bakr ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. ʾabī Šaybah; Kufan; b. 159/775-776; d. 235/849.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Yazīd b. Hārūn = ʾatqan ḥifẓan
al-Mufaḍḍal
al-Mufaḍḍal b. Ḡassān al-Ḡalābī; Basro-Baghdadian; fl. 9th C. CE.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī al-Rijāl = ṯiqah
Dāwūd b. Yaḥyá
Possibly Dāwūd b. Yaḥyá b. Yamān; Kufan; fl. 9th C. CE.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Muḥammad b. ʿUṯmān b. Karāmah = ṣadūq
al-Zurayqī
ʾAbū ʿAlī al-Zurayqī; fl. 9th C. CE.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʿĀrim b. al-Faḍl = iḵtalaṭa in his old age
Zayd b. al-Mubārak
Zayd b. al-Mubārak al-Ṣanʿānī; Yemenite, then Levantine; fl. 9th C. CE.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = kaḏḏāb and yasriqu al-ḥadīṯ
ʿUmar b. Saʿīd
Probably ʿUmar b. Saʿīd b. ʾabī al-Nawfalī al-Qurašī; Meccan; fl. 9th C. CE.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Jarīr b. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd = lā baʾs bi-hi
Muṣʿab al-Zubayrī
ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Muṣʿab b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Zubayrī; Madinan, then Baghdadian; d. 236/851.
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- al-Qāsim b. Muḥammad = min ḵiyār al-tābiʿīn
- al-Wāqidī = ṯiqah maʾmūn
Ibn Rāhwayh
ʾAbū Yaʿqūb ʾIsḥāq b. ʾIbrāhīm; better known as Ibn Rāhwayh; Marwazī; b. 161/778 or 166/782-783; d. 238/853.
JUDGEMENTS: 3
- al-Šāfiʿī = ʾimām
- al-Wāqidī = yaḍaʿu al-ḥadīṯ
- Yaḥyá b. ʾAkṯam = al-dajjāl
ʿUṯmān b. ʾabī Šaybah
ʾAbū al-Ḥasan ʿUṯmān b. Muḥammad b. ʾabī Šaybah; Kufan; b. 160/777; d. 239/853.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar = ṯiqah
Ibn Ḥanbal
ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh ʾAḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Ḥanbal; Baghdadian; b. 164/780; d. 241/855.
JUDGEMENTS: 60
- ʾAbū ʾAḥmad al-Zubayrī = kaṯīr al-ḵaṭaʾ fī ḥadīṯ sufyān
- ʾAbū ʾUsāmah = kāna ṯabatan mā kāna ʾaṯbata-hu lā yakādu yuḵṭiʾu
- ʾAbū ʾUsāmah = kāna ṣaḥīḥ al-kitāb ḍābiṭan li-l-ḥadīṯ kayyis ṣadūq
- ʾAbū ʾUsāmah = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū al-Zinād = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū Bakr b. ʿAyyāš = kaṯīr al-ḵaṭaʾ jiddan when he related from memory
- ʾAbū Bakr b. ʿAyyāš = yaḍṭaribu some Hadith
- al-Ṭayālisī = ṯiqah ṣadūq
- ʾAbū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar = mā kāna bi-hi baʾs
- ʾAbū Šihāb al-Ḥannāṭ = mā bi-ḥadīṯi-hi baʾs
- ʾAbū ʿAwānah al-Waḍḍāḥ = ṣaḥīḥ al-kitāb, but ʾiḏā ḥaddaṯa min ḥifẓi-hi rubba-mā yahimu
- ʾAbū Muʿāwiyah al-Ḍarīr = muḍṭarib in his transmissions from other than al-ʾAʿmaš
- ʾIsrāʾīl b. Yūnus = ṯiqah
- ʾIsrāʾīl b. Yūnus = ṯabt al-ḥadīṯ
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. Zakariyyāʾ = muqārib al-ḥadīṯ
- al-ʾAswad b. Yazīd = ṯiqah
- al-ʾAʿmaš = there is iḍṭirāb kaṯīr in his Hadith
- Jaʿfar b. Burqān = lā baʾs when he transmitted from anyone other than al-Zuhrī, whereas he yuḵṭiʾu in the Hadith of al-Zuhrī
- al-Ḥasan b. Ḥayy = ṯiqah
- al-Ḥasan b. Ḥayy = ṣaḥīḥ al-riwāyah
- Ḥammād b. Zayd = min ʾaʾimmat al-muslimīn
- Ḥammād b. Salamah = ṯiqah
- al-Ḥumaydī = ʾimām
- Saʿd b. ʾIbrāhīm = ṯiqah
- Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān = laysa bi-hi baʾs wa-ḥadīṯu-hu muqārib
- Saʿīd b. Manṣūr = min ʾahl al-faḍl wa-al-ṣidq
- Suwayd b. Saʿīd = ṯiqah
- Suwayd b. Saʿīd = ṣāliḥ
- Suwayd b. Saʿīd = lā baʾs bi-hi
- al-Šāfiʿī = ḥadīṯ ṣaḥīḥ
- ʿAbṯar b. al-Qāsim = ṯiqah ṣadūq
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = kaḏā wa-kaḏā
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = muḍṭarib al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = ḍaʿīf al-samāʿ after he became blind
- ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr = yaḵtalifu ʿalay-hi al-ḥuffāẓ
- ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr = muḍṭarib al-ḥadīṯ jiddan maʿa qillat riwāyati-hi mā ʾará la-hu ḵamsa-miʾah ḥadīṯ wa-qad ḡaliṭa fī kaṯīr min-hā
- ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr = ḍaʿīf jiddan
- ʿAbd al-Wahhāb b. ʿAṭāʾ = ḍaʿīf al-ḥadīṯ muḍṭarib
- ʿAbdah b. Sulaymān = ṯiqah ṯiqah
- ʿAlī b. Zayd b. Judʿān = ḍaʿīf
- ʿUmārah b. Ḡaziyyah = ṯiqah
- al-Faḍl b. Dukayn = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad the nephew of al-Zuhrī = lā baʾs bi-hi
- Muḥammad b. ʾIbrāhīm al-Taymī = fī ḥadīṯi-hi šayʾ yarwī ʾaḥādīṯ manākīr ʾaw munkarah
- Ibn ʾIsḥāq = ḥasan al-ḥadīṯ
- al-Wāqidī = ṯiqah
- Regarding al-Wāqidī, Ibn Ḥanbal taraka-hu
- al-Wāqidī = kaḏḏāb
- Muḥammad b. Yazīd = mubitt fī al-ḥadīṯ
- Muḥammad b. Yūsuf = rajul ṣāliḥ
- Marwān b. Muʿāwiyah = ṯabat ḥāfiẓ
- Muṭarrif b. Ṭarīf = ṯiqah
- Muʿāḏ b. Muʿāḏ = ʾilay-hi al-muntahá fī al-taṯabbut bi-al-baṣrah
- Muʿāḏ b. Muʿāḏ = huwa qurrat ʿayn fī al-ḥadīṯ
- Hišām b. ʿAmmār = ṭayyāš ḵafīf
- ʾAbū al-Walīd Hišām = šayḵ al-ʾislām
- ʾAbū al-Walīd Hišām = mutqin
- Wakīʿ = al-ṯabat
- Yaḥyá b. Saʿīd b. ʾAbān = laysa bi-hi baʾs, although he had ḡarāʾib from al-ʾAʿmaš
- Yazīd b. Hārūn = ḥāfiẓ mutqin
Yaḥyá b. ʾAkṯam
ʾAbū Muḥammad Yaḥyá b. ʾAkṯam al-Tamīmī; Marwazī-Baghdadian; d. 242/857.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2129&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Sulaymān b. Ḥarb = ṯiqah ḥāfiẓ li-l-ḥadīṯ
Hannād
ʾAbū al-Sarī Hannād b. al-Sarī; Kufan; b. 152/769; d. 243/857.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Qabīṣah b. ʿUqbah = al-rajul al-ṣāliḥ
al-Karābīsī
ʾAbū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī al-Karābīsī; Baghdadian; d. 245/859-860 or 248/862-863.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2151&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- Sufyān al-Ṯawrī = min al-mašhūrīn bi-al-tadlīs in Kufah
- Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah = min al-mašhūrīn bi-al-tadlīs
al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-ʿAẓīm
ʾAbū al-Faḍl al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-ʿAẓīm al-ʿAnbarī; Basran; d. 246/860-861.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = kaḏḏāb, to the point that al-Wāqidī ʾaṣdaq than him
ʾAḥmad b. Ṣāliḥ
ʾAbū Jaʿfar ʾAḥmad b. Ṣāliḥ; Egyptian; b. 170/786-787; d. 248/862-863.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- al-Faḍl b. Dukayn = mā raʾaytu muḥaddiṯan ʾaṣdaq min ʾabī nuʿaym
al-Fallās
ʾAbū Ḥafṣ ʿAmr b. ʿAlī al-Fallās; Basran; b. post-160/776-777; d. 249/863-864.
JUDGEMENTS: 6
- al-ʾAjlaḥ = mustaqīm al-ḥadīṯ ṣadūq
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād’s Hadith in Madinah are ʾaṣaḥḥ than his Hadith in Baghdad
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = fī-hi ḍaʿf
- ʾAbū Saʿd al-Baqqāl = ḍaʿīf al-ḥadīṯ matrūk
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Rajāʾ = ṣadūq kaṯīr al-ḡalaṭ wa-al-taṣḥīf laysa bi-ḥujjah
- Maʿmar = min ʾaṣdaq al-nās
ʾIbrāhīm b. Saʿīd al-Jawharī
ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq ʾIbrāhīm b. Saʿīd al-Jawharī; Baghdadian; b. post-170/786-787; d. 249-250/863-865.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2181&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- ʾAbū Dāwūd al-Ṭayālisī = ʾaḵṭaʾa in 1,000 Hadith
- Šarīk = ʾaḵṭaʾa in 400 Hadith
Ṣāʾiqah
ʾAbū Yaḥyá Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Raḥīm; known as Ṣāʾiqah; Baghdadian; b. 185/801-802; d. 255/869.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2236&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Saʿīd b. Manṣūr = ṯabat
al-Buḵārī
ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. ʾIsmāʿīl al-Buḵārī; Transoxanian; b. 194/810; d. 256/870.
JUDGEMENTS: 13
- ʾAbū al-Rijāl = ṯabat
- ʾAbū Saʿd al-Baqqāl = munkar al-ḥadīṯ
- Jaʿfar b. Sulaymān = yuḵālifu in some of his Hadith
- al-Ḥumaydī = ʾimām fī al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿĀrim b. al-Faḍl = taḡayyara in his old age
- ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Maymūn = munkar al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = that which he related in writing is ʾaṣaḥḥ
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. ʿUqayl = muqārib al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muʿāwiyah = munkar al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAbd al-Wahhāb b. ʿAṭāʾ = laysa bi-al-qawiyy
- ʿAlī b. Zayd b. Judʿān = lā yuḥtajju bi-hi
- Muḥammad b. Ḥumayd = fī ḥadīṯi-hi naẓar
- al-Hayṯam b. ʿAdī al-Ṭāʾī = sakatū ʿan-hu
Ibn ʿArafah
ʾAbū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan b. ʿArafah; Baghdadian; b. 150/767-768; d. 257-258/870-872.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʿAbd Allāh b. ʾIdrīs = the ʾafḍal of Kufah
al-ʿAbbās b. Yazīd
ʾAbū al-Faḍl al-ʿAbbās b. Yazīd al-Baḥrānī; Basran; d. 258/871-872.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Maʿmar b. Rāšid = ḡaliṭa in some of the Hadith of al-Zuhrī
al-Ḏuhlī
ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá al-Ḏuhlī; Naysābūrī; b. c. 170/786-787; d. 258/872.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Muḥammad b. al-Muṯanná = ḥujjah
ʾAḥmad b. Sinān
ʾAbū Jaʿfar ʾAḥmad b. Sinān al-Qaṭṭān; Wasitian; b. post-170/786-787; d. 256-259/869-873.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Hišām ʾAbū al-Walīd = ʾamīr al-muḥaddiṯīn
al-Jūzajānī
ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq ʾIbrāhīm b. Yaʿqūb al-Saʿdī; Jūzajānī-Damascene; d. 256-259/870-873.
JUDGEMENTS: 3
- Jaʿfar b. Sulaymān = rawá manākīr wa-huwa mutamāsik lā yakḏibu
- Muḥammad b. Ḥumayd = ḡayr ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. ʿAmr = laysa bi-al-qawiyy wa-huwa mimman yuštahá ḥadīṯu-hu
al-ʿIjlī
ʾAbū al-Ḥasan ʾAḥmad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-ʿIjlī; Kufo-Tripolitan; b. 182/798-799; d. 261/874-875.
JUDGEMENTS: 57
- ʾIbrāhīm al-Naḵaʿī = ṯiqah
- Ibn ʾabī Šaybah = kāna ṯiqah, ḥāfiẓan li-l-ḥadīṯ
- Ibn Buraydah = ṯiqah
- Ibn Numayr = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū ʾAḥmad al-Zubayrī = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū al-Zinād = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū Bakr b. ʿAyyāš = ṯiqah
- al-Ṭayālisī = ṯiqah kaṯīr al-ḥifẓ
- ʾAbū Salamah = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū Muʿāwiyah al-Ḍarīr = ṯiqah
- al-ʾAjlaḥ = ṯiqah
- ʾIsrāʾīl b. Yūnus = ṯiqah
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. ʾabī Ḵālid = ṯiqah
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. Ḵalīl = ṯiqah
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. Zakariyyāʾ = ḍaʿīf
- al-ʾAʿmaš = ṯiqah ṯabt
- Bakr b. Yūnus = lā baʾs bi-hi
- Jaʿfar b. Burqān = ṯiqah
- al-Ḥajjāj b. al-Minhāl = ṯiqah
- Ḥammād b. Zayd = ṯiqah
- Saʿīd b. ʾabī Maryam = ṯiqah
- Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān = ṯiqah
- Sulaymān b. ʾabī Sulaymān = ṯiqah
- Šihāb b. ʿAbbād = ṯiqah
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = ṯiqah
- ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. al-ʾAswad = ṯiqah fī al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = ṯiqah
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. ʿUqayl = ṯiqah jāʾiz al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr = ṣāliḥ al-ḥadīṯ and ṯiqah fī al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAbdah b. Sulaymān = ṯiqah ṣāliḥ
- ʿUrwah = ṯiqah rajul ṣāliḥ
- ʿAffān b. Muslim = ṯiqah ṯabt
- ʿAlī b. Zayd b. Judʿān = laysa bi-al-qawiyy
- ʿAlī b. Mushir = ṯiqah
- ʿAmrah = ṯiqah
- al-Faḍl b. Dukayn = ṯiqah ṯabat fī al-ḥadīṯ
- al-Qāsim b. Muḥammad = ṯiqah
- Kaṯīr b. Hišām = ṯiqah ṣadūq
- al-Ṭanāfisī = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. Sābiq = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. Yūsuf = ṯiqah
- Marwān b. Muʿāwiyah = ṯiqah ṯabat mā ḥaddaṯa ʿan al-maʿrūfīn wa-mā ḥaddaṯa ʿan al-majhūlīn fa-fī-hi mā fī-hi, wa-laysa bi-šayʾ
- Muslim b. ʾIbrāhīm = ṯiqah
- Muṣʿab b. Saʿd = ṯiqah
- Muṭarrif b. Ṭarīf = ṣāliḥ al-kitāb ṯiqah fī al-ḥadīṯ
- Muʿāwiyah b. Hišām = ṯiqah
- Maʿmar = ṯiqah rajul ṣāliḥ
- Mūsá b. ʾIsmāʿīl = ṯiqah
- Hišām b. ʿAmmār = ṯiqah
- Hišām b. ʿAmmār = ṣadūq
- ʾAbū al-Walīd Hišām = ṯiqah ṯabat fī al-ḥadīṯ
- Wakīʿ = ṯiqah ʿābid ṣāliḥ
- Yaḥyá b. Zakariyyāʾ = ṯiqah
- Yaḥyá b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān = ṯiqah
- Yazīd b. Hārūn = ṯiqah ṯabat
- Yūnus b. Bukayr = lā baʾs bi-hi
Muslim
ʾAbū al-Ḥusayn Muslim b. al-Ḥajjāj al-Naysābūrī; Khurasanian; b. 202-206/817-822; d. 261/875.
JUDGEMENTS: 3
- ʾAḥmad b. Yūnus = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. Rāfiʿ = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- al-Wāqidī = matrūk al-ḥadīṯ
Yaʿqūb b. Šaybah
ʾAbū Yūsuf Yaʿqūb b. Šaybah; Basro-Baghdadian; b. c. 180/796-797; d. 262/875.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2315&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 17
- ʾAbū Muʿāwiyah al-Ḍarīr = ṯiqah rubba-mā dallasa
- ʾIsrāʾīl b. Yūnus = ṣadūq wa-laysa bi-al-qawiyy
- ʾIsrāʾīl b. Yūnus = fī ḥadīṯi-hi layyin
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. ʾabī Ḵālid = ṯiqah ṯabt
- al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī = ṯiqah ṯabt mutqin
- Sulaymān b. Ḥarb = ṯiqah ṯabat ṣāḥib ḥifẓ
- Suwayd b. Saʿīd = ṣadūq muḍṭarib al-ḥifẓ
- Šarīk = kāna ṯiqah maʾmūnan, kaṯīr al-ḥadīṯ, ʾunkira ʿalay-hi al-ḡalaṭ wa-al-ḵaṭaʾ
- ʿAbṯar b. al-Qāsim = ṯiqah
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = ṯiqah ṯabt
- ʿAffān b. Muslim = ṯiqah ṯabt mutqin ṣaḥīḥ al-kitāb qalīl al-ḵaṭaʾ
- Kaṯīr b. Zayd = laysa bi-ḏāka
- Muḥammad b. Sābiq = kāna ṯiqah ṣadūqan
- Muḥammad b. Sābiq = kāna šayḵan ṣadūqan ṯiqah wa-laysa mimman yuʾṯiru al-ḍabṭ li-l-ḥadīṯ
- Hišām b. ʿUrwah = ṯabt lam yunkar ʿalay-hi ʾillā baʿda-mā ṣāra ʾilá al-ʿirāq fa-ʾinna-hu inbasaṭa fī al-riwāyah wa-ʾarsala ʿan ʾabī-hi ʾašyāʾ mimmā kāna qad samiʿa-hu min ḡayr ʾabī-hi ʿan ʾabī-hi
- Yaḥyá b. ʾÂdam = ṯiqah
- Yaḥyá b. Zakariyyāʾ = ṯiqah ḥasan al-ḥadīṯ
al-Sarī b. Yaḥyá
ʾAbū ʿUbaydah al-Sarī b. Yaḥyá b. al-Sarī; Kufan; fl. late 9th C. CE.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Regarding ʾAḥmad al-ʿUṭāridī, al-Sarī waṯṯaqa-hu
ʾAbū Zurʿah
ʾAbū Zurʿah ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Karīm; Rāzī; b. post-200/815-816; d. 264/878.
JUDGEMENTS: 22
- Ibn ʾabī ʿArūbah = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- Ibn ʾabī Mulaykah = ṯiqah
- Ibn Wahb = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū ʾAḥmad al-Zubayrī = ṣadūq
- ʾAbū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar = ṣadūq
- ʾAbū Salamah = ṯiqah
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. ʾUmayyah = ṯiqah
- al-ʾAʿmaš = ʾimām
- al-Ḥasan b. Ḥayy = ijtamaʿa fī ḥasan ʾitqān wa-fiqh wa-ʿibādah wa-zuhd
- Saʿīd b. ʿAmr al-ʾAšʿaṯī = ṯiqah
- al-Šāfiʿī = mā ʿinda al-šāfiʿiyy ḥadīṯ fī-hi ḡalaṭ
- Ibn al-Ḡusayl = ṯiqah
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Rajāʾ = ḥasan al-ḥadīṯ ʿan ʾisrāʾīl
- ʿAlī b. Zayd b. Judʿān = laysa bi-qawiyy
- ʿAlī b. Mushir = ṣadūq ṯiqah
- ʿUmārah b. Ḡaziyyah = ṯiqah
- Qabīṣah = exceptional amongst traditionists in his memorisation, and how he would transmit Hadith ʿalá lafẓ wāḥid lā yuḡayyiru-hu, in regards to Sufyān
- Kaṯīr b. Zayd = ṣadūq fī-hi layyin
- Mālik b. Suʿayr = ṣadūq
- al-Muṭṭalib b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥanṭab = ʾarjū ʾan yakūna samiʿa min-hā
- al-Muṭṭalib b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥanṭab = ṯiqah
- Yaʿqūb b. Ḥumayd b. Kāsib = ṣadūq fī al-ḥadīṯ
al-Muzanī (d. 264/878)
ʾAbū ʾIbrāhīm ʾIsmāʿīl b. Yaḥyá al-Muzanī; Egyptian; b. 175/791-792; d. 264/878.
JUGDMENTS: 1
- ʿAbd al-Malik b. Hišām = ʿallāmat ʾahl miṣr bi-al-ʿarabiyyah wa-al-šiʿr
Ibn Wārah
ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. Muslim b. ʿAbd Allāh; Rāzī; b. c. 190/805-806; d. 265/878-879 or 270/883-884.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&flag=1&ID=2414&bk_no=60
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʿĀrim b. al-Faḍl = al-ṣadūq al-maʾmūn
Ṣāliḥ b. ʾAḥmad
Ṣāliḥ b. ʾAḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Ḥanbal al-Šaybānī; Baghdadian; b. 203/818-819; d. 265-266/878-880.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAḥmad b. ʿUbayd al-Hamḏānī = ṣadūq
ʾAḥmad b. Sayyār
ʾAbū al-Ḥasan ʾAḥmad b. Sayyār; Marwazī; d. 268/881.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2378&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Yaḥyá b. Yaḥyá b. Bakr = ṯiqah
al-Ṣāḡānī
ʾAbū Bakr Muḥammad b. ʾIsḥāq al-Ṣāḡānī; Khurasanian-Baghdadian; b. c. 180/796-797; d. 270/883.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- al-Wāqidī = ṯiqah
al-Dūrī
al-ʿAbbās b. Muḥammad b. Ḥātim al-Dūrī; Baghdadian; b. 185/801; d. 271/884.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2340&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Kaṯīr b. Hišām = min ḵiyār al-muslimīn
Kaylajah
ʾAbū Bakr Muḥammad b. Ṣāliḥ al-ʾAnmāṭī; known as Kaylajah; Baghdadian; d. 271/884-885.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Muḥammad b. Sābiq = ḵayyār lā baʾs bi-hi
Ibn Mājah
ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. Yazīd b. Mājah; Qazwīnī; b. 209/824-825; d. 273/887.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
ʾAbū Dāwūd
ʾAbū Dāwūd Sulaymān b. al-ʾAšʿaṯ; Sijistanian; b. 202/817-818; d. 275/889.
JUDGEMENTS: 18
- Ibn ʾabī Dāwūd = kaḏḏāb
- ʾAbū ʾUmayyah = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū Bakr b. ʿAyyāš = ṯiqah
- al-ʾAjlaḥ = ḍaʿīf
- Saʿīd b. ʾabī Maryam = ḥujjah
- al-Šāfiʿī = mā ʾaʿlamu li-l-šāfiʿiyy ḥadīṯan ḵaṭaʾan
- Šarīk = ṯiqah, but yuḵṭiʾu in his transmission from al-ʾAʿmaš
- ʿAbbād b. al-ʿAwwām = ṯiqah
- ʿAbṯar b. al-Qāsim = ṯiqah ṯiqah
- ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī al-Rijāl = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī al-Rijāl = ʾaḥādīṯ ʿamrah yajʿalu-hā kulla-hā ʿan ʿāʾišah
- Kaṯīr b. Hišām = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. Ḥumayd al-Yaškurī = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. Yazīd = ṯiqah
- Muṭarrif b. Ṭarīf = ṯiqah
- al-Hayṯam b. ʿAdī al-Ṭāʾī = kaḏḏāb
- Yaḥyá b. ʾAyyūb = ṣāliḥ
- Yūnus b. Bukayr = laysa ḥujjah
ʾAbū Ḥātim
ʾAbū Ḥātim Muḥammad b. ʾIdrīs; Rāzī; b. 195/810-811; d. 277/890.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2526&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 122
- Ibn ʾabī al-Dunyā = ṣadūq
- Ibn ʾabī ʿArūbah = ṯiqah qabla ʾan yaḵtaliṭa and ʾaʿlam al-nās in the Hadith of Qatādah
- Ibn ʾabī ʿUmar = kāna rajulan ṣāliḥan wa-kānat bi-hi ḡaflah; raʾaytu ʿinda-hu ḥadīṯan mawḍūʿan; ḥaddaṯa bi-hi ʿan ibn ʿuyaynah; wa-kāna ṣadūqan
- Ibn ʾabī Mulaykah = ṯiqah
- Ibn Saʿd = yaṣduqu
- Ibn Numayr = ṯiqah
- Ibn Wahb = ṣadūq ṣāliḥ al-ḥadīṯ
- ʾAbū ʾAḥmad al-Zubayrī = ḥāfiẓ li-l-ḥadīṯ ʿābid mujtahid la-hu ʾawhām
- ʾAbū al-Jawwāb al-ʾAḥwaṣ = ṣadūq
- ʾAbū al-Ḵaṭṭāb Ziyād = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū al-Rijāl = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū al-Zinād = ṯiqah faqīh ṣāliḥ al-ḥadīṯ
- ʾAbū Bakr b. ʿAskar = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū Dāwūd al-Ḥafarī = ṣadūq rajul ṣāliḥ
- ʾAbū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar = ṣadūq
- ʾAbū Ḵayṯamah Zuhayr = ṣadūq
- ʾAbū Zurʿah = ṯiqah ṣadūq
- ʾAbū Zurʿah = ṣadūq
- ʾAbū Kurayb = ṣadūq
- al-ʾAjlaḥ = huwa layyin laysa bi-al-qawiyy
- ʾAḥmad b. al-Miqdām = ṣāliḥ al-ḥadīṯ maḥallu-hu al-ṣidq
- ʾAḥmad b. Sinān = ṯiqah ṣadūq
- ʾAḥmad b. Manṣūr = ṯiqah
- ʾIsrāʾīl b. Yūnus = ṯiqah ṣadūq and min ʾatqan of the students of ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. Ḵalīl = ṯiqah
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. ʾUmayyah = ṣāliḥ
- al-ʾAʿmaš = ṯiqah
- Bišr b. Ḵālid = šayḵ
- Bakr b. Yūnus = munkar al-ḥadīṯ ḍaʿīf al-ḥadīṯ
- Jarīr b. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd = ṯiqah
- al-Ḥajjāj b. al-Minhāl = ṯiqah fāḍil
- al-Ḥasan b. Ḥayy = ṯiqah ḥāfiẓ mutqin
- al-Ḥasan b. Sufyān = ṣadūq
- al-Ḥumaydī = ṯiqah ʾimām
- al-Ḥumaydī = ʾaṯbat al-nās on Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah and the raʾīs of his students
- Saʿd b. ʾIbrāhīm = ṯiqah
- Saʿīd b. ʾabī Maryam = ṯiqah
- Saʿīd b. Sulaymān = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān = ṣāliḥ
- Saʿīd b. Manṣūr = ṯiqah min al-mutqinīn al-ʾaṯbāt
- Saʿīd b. Yaḥyá b. Saʿīd = ṣadūq
- Sufyān al-Ṯawrī + al-ʾAʿmaš + ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq = yudallisūna
- Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah = ʾimām ṯiqah
- Sulaymān b. ʾabī Sulaymān = ṯiqah ṣadūq ṣāliḥ al-ḥadīṯ
- Sulaymān b. Ḥarb = ʾimām min al-ʾaʾimmah kāna lā yudallisu
- Sulaymān b. Ḥarb = ṯiqah
- Sahl b. Bakkār = ṯiqah ṣadūq
- Suwayd b. Saʿīd = ṣadūq yudallisu wa-yukṯiru ḏālika
- al-Šāfiʿī = ṣadūq
- Šihāb b. ʿAbbād = ṯiqah
- ʿĀrim b. al-Faḍl = ʾaṯbat of the students of Ḥammād b. Zayd, other than Ibn Mahdī
- ʿĀrim b. al-Faḍl = ṯiqah
- ʿĀrim b. al-Faḍl = iḵtalaṭa in his old age
- ʿAbṯar b. al-Qāsim = ṣadūq
- ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī al-Rijāl = ṣāliḥ
- ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Ṣāliḥ al-ʾAzdī = ṣadūq
- al-Muḥāribī = ṣadūq
- al-Muḥāribī = yarwī ʿan al-majhūlīn ʾaḥādīṯ munkarah, fa-yufsidu ḥadīṯa-hu bi-ḏālika
- ʿAbd al-Raḥīm b. Sulaymān = ṣāliḥ al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = lā yuktabu ḥadīṯu-hu wa-lā yuḥtajju bi-hi
- ʿAbd al-Ṣamad b. ʿAbd al-Wāriṯ = ṣadūq
- ʿAbd Allāh b. ʾIdrīs = ḥujjah ʾimām min ʾaʾimmat al-muslimīn
- al-ʾAjlaḥ = lā baʾs bi-hi
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Rajāʾ = ṯiqah
- ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿĀmir b. Zurārah = ṣadūq
- ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Yazīd = ṣāliḥ al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUrwah = ṯiqah
- ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUmar b. ʾAbān = ṣadūq
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. ʿUqayl = layyin al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá = matrūk al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muʿāwiyah = mustaqīm al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr = ṣāliḥ al-ḥadīṯ laysa bi-ḥāfiẓ taḡayyara ḥifẓu-hu qabla mawti-hi
- ʿAbd al-Wāriṯ b. ʿAbd al-Ṣamad = ṣadūq
- ʿUbayd Allāh b. Muʿāḏ = ṯiqah
- ʿAffān b. Muslim = ṯiqah mutqin matīn
- ʿAffān b. Muslim = ṯiqah ʾimām
- ʿAlī b. Ḥarb = ṣadūq
- ʿAlī b. Zayd b. Judʿān = laysa bi-qawiyy
- ʿAlī b. Naṣr = ṯiqah
- ʿUmārah b. Ḡaziyyah = mā bi-ḥadīṯi-hi baʾs kāna ṣadūqan
- ʿAmr b. Muḥammad al-Nāqid = ṯiqah ʾamīn
- ʿUmar b. Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan = maḥallu-hu al-ṣidq
- Farwah = ṣadūq
- al-Faḍl b. Dukayn = ḥāfiẓ mutqin
- Qutaybah b. Saʿīd = ṯiqah
- Kaṯīr b. Zayd = ṣāliḥ laysa bi-al-qawiyy
- Mālik b. Suʿayr = ṣadūq
- Muʾammal b. al-Faḍl = ṯiqah riḍan
- Muḥammad b. ʾÂdam = ṣadūq
- Muḥammad the nephew of al-Zuhrī = laysa bi-qawiyy
- Muḥammad b. ʿUṯmān b. Karāmah = ṣadūq
- Muḥammad b. ʾIbrāhīm al-Taymī = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. al-Muṯanná = ṣadūq ṣāliḥ al-ḥadīṯ
- Muḥammad b. Ḥumayd al-Yaškurī = ṣāliḥ al-ḥadīṯ
- Muḥammad b. Rāfiʿ = šayḵ ṣadūq
- Muḥammad b. ʿAmr = ṣāliḥ al-ḥadīṯ
- Muḥammad b. Yūsuf = ṯiqah ṣadūq
- Marwān b. Muʿāwiyah = ṣadūq lā yudfaʿu ʿan ṣidq wa-takṯuru riwāyatu-hu ʿan al-šuyūḵ al-majhūlīn
- Muslim b. al-Ḥajjāj = ṣadūq
- Muslim b. ʾIbrāhīm = ṯiqah ṣadūq
- Muṭarrif b. Ṭarīf = ṯiqah
- al-Muṭṭalib b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥanṭab = lam yudrik ʿāʾišah
- al-Muṭṭalib b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥanṭab = ʿāmmat ḥadīṯi-hi marāsīl
- Muʿāḏ b. Muʿāḏ = ṯiqah
- Muʿāwiyah b. Hišām = ṣadūq
- al-Muʿallá b. ʾAsad = only a single of his hadiths had a ḵaṭaʾ
- Manṣūr b. Ṣuqayr = laysa bi-qawiyy wa-fī ḥadīṯi-hi iḍṭirāb
- Mūsá b. ʾIsmāʿīl = kāna ṯiqah lā ʾaʿlamu ʾaḥadan bi-al-baṣrah mimman ʾadraknā-hu ʾaḥsan ḥadīṯan min-hu
- Hārūn b. ʾIsḥāq = ṣadūq
- Hudbah b. Ḵālid = ṣadūq
- Hišām b. ʿUrwah = ṯiqah ʾimām fī al-ḥadīṯ
- Hišām b. ʿAmmār = ṣadūq but taḡayyara in old age
- ʾAbū al-Walīd Hišām = ʾimām faqīh ʿāqil ṯiqah ḥāfiẓ
- Hannād b. al-Sarī = ṣadūq
- Wuhayb = ʾaʿlam in regards to tradents, after Šuʿbah
- Yaḥyá b. ʾÂdam = ṯiqah
- Yaḥyá b. ʾAkṯam = fī-hi naẓar
- Yaḥyá b. Zakariyyāʾ = mustaqīm al-ḥadīṯ ṯiqah
- Yaʿqūb b. Ḥumayd b. Kāsib = ḍaʿīf al-ḥadīṯ
- Yazīd b. Hārūn = ṯiqah ʾimām [ṣadūq] lā yusʾalu ʿan miṯli-hi
- Yūsuf b. Mūsá = ṣadūq
- Yūnus b. Bukayr = maḥallu-hu al-ṣidq
al-Tirmiḏī:
ʾAbū ʿĪsá Muḥammad b. ʿĪsá al-Tirmiḏī; Transoxanian; b. c. 210/825-826; d. 279/892.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2530&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʿAlī b. Zayd b. Judʿān = ṣadūq
Ibn ʾabī Ḵayṯamah
ʾAbū Bakr ʾAḥmad b. ʾabī Ḵayṯamah Zuhayr; Baghdadian; b. 185/801; d. 279/892-893.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
al-Fasawī
ʾAbū Yūsuf Yaʿqūb b. Sufyān; Fasawī; b. c. 190/805-806; d. 277/890-891 or 280-281/893-895.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2504&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 5
- al-ʾAjlaḥ = ṯiqah, ḥadīṯu-hu layyin
- Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān = layyin al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. ʿUqayl = ṣadūq fī ḥadīṯi-hi ḍaʿf
- al-Faḍl b. Dukayn = ḡāyah fī al-ʾitqān
- Wuhayb = ḥāfiẓ
Badr b. ʾabī Badr
ʾAbū Bakr Badr b. al-Munḏir b. Badr al-Maḡāzlī; Baghdadian; d. 282/895-896.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2639&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʿAbd Allāh b. ʾAḥmad = jahbaḏ ibn jahbaḏ
Ibn Ḵirāš
ʾAbū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Yūsuf b. Saʿīd b. Ḵirāš; Marwazī-Baghdadian; d. 283/896.
JUDGEMENTS: 15
- Ibn Dīzīl = ṣadūq al-lahjah
- ʾAbū ʾAḥmad al-Zubayrī = ṣadūq
- ʾAbū Muʿāwiyah al-Ḍarīr = ṣadūq and afflicted by iḍṭirāb in general, but ṯiqah in his transmissions from al-ʾAʿmaš in particular
- Jarīr b. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd = ṣadūq
- Ḥammād b. Zayd = lam yuḵṭiʾ fī ḥadīṯ qaṭṭ
- ʿAbd Allāh b. ʾIdrīs = ṯiqah
- ʿUrwah = ṯiqah
- ʿAffān b. Muslim = ṯiqah min ḵiyār al-muslimīn
- Qabīṣah = ṣadūq
- Qutaybah b. Saʿīd = ṣadūq
- Muḥammad b. ʾIbrāhīm al-Taymī = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. ʾIsḥāq al-Ṣaḡānī = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- Muḥammad b. al-Muṯanná = min al-ʾaṯbāt
- Mūsá b. ʾIsmāʿīl = takallama al-nās fī-hi wa-huwa ṣadūq
- Hišām b. ʿUrwah = yursilu ʿan ʾabī-hi
Ibn al-Junayd
ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn b. al-Junayd; Rāzī; d. 288-291/900-904.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2711&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Yaḥyá b. ʾAkṯam = yasriqu al-ḥadīṯ
ʾIbrāhīm al-Ḥarbī
ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq ʾIbrāhīm b. ʾIsḥāq al-Ḥarbī; Baghdadian; b. 198/813-814; d. 285/898
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- al-Ḥāriṯ b. Muḥammad b. ʾabī ʾUsāmah = ṯiqah
- al-Wāqidī = ʾamīn al-nās ʿalá ʾahl al-ʾislām and ʾaʿlam al-nās bi-ʾamr al-ʾislām
al-Ḥusayn b. Fahm
ʾAbū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn b. Fahm al-ʾAḵbārī; Baghdadian; b. 211/826-827; d. 289/902.
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- ʾAbū Ḵayṯamah Zuhayr = ṯiqah ṯabt
- ʿAmr b. Muḥammad al-Nāqid = ṯiqah
ʾAbū ʾUsāmah
ʾAbū ʾUsāmah Ḥammād b. ʾUsāmah; Kufan; b. 120/737-738 or later; d. 201/817.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
ʿAbd Allāh b. ʾAḥmad
ʾAbū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ʿAbd Allāh b. ʾAḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Ḥanbal; Baghdadian; b. 213/828-829; d. 290/903.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- al-Muḥāribī = kāna yudallisu
Jazarah
ʾAbū ʿAlī Jazarah Ṣāliḥ b. Muḥammad; Baghdadian; d. 205/820-821; d. 293/906.
JUDGEMENTS: 9
- Bišr b. al-Walīd = ṣadūq
- Saʿīd b. Yaḥyá b. Saʿīd = ṣadūq ʾillā ʾanna-hu kāna yaḡlaṭu
- Suwayd b. Saʿīd = ṣadūq
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = qad rawá ʿan ʾabī-hi ʾašyāʾ lam yarwi-hā ḡayru-hu
- ʿAlī b. Naṣr = ṯiqah ṣadūq
- Qabīṣah = rajul ṣāliḥ, although there is an issue with his samāʿ from Sufyān
- Muḥammad b. al-Muṯanná = ṣadūq al-lahjah
- Yaḥyá b. ʾAkṯam = ḥaddaṯa ʿan ibn ʾidrīs bi-ʾaḥādīṯ lam yasmaʿ-hā
- Yaḥyá b. Hāšim = kaḏḏāb
Mūsá b. Hārūn
ʾAbū ʿImrān Mūsá b. Hārūn al-Bazzāz; Iraqian; b. 214/829-830; d. 294/907.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān = ṯiqah
Muṭayyan
ʾAbū Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥaḍramī; known as Muṭayyan; Kufan; d. 297/909
JUDGEMENTS: 4
- ʾAḥmad al-ʿUṭāridī = kāna yakḏibu
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. Ḵalīl = ṯiqah
- ʿUbayd b. ʾIsmāʿīl = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. ʿUṯmān b. Karāmah = ṣadūq
al-Farhayānī
ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. Sayyār al-Farhayānī; d. c. 300/912-913.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2647&bk_no=60&idfrom=2785&idto=2785
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Qutaybah b. Saʿīd = ṣadūq
al-Nasāʾī
ʾAbū ʿAbd al‑Raḥmān ʾAḥmad b. ʿAlī al-Nasāʾī; Khurasanian, settled in Egypt; b. 215/830-831; d. 303/915-916.
JUDGEMENTS: 82
- ʾIbrāhīm b. Saʿīd = ṯiqah
- Ibn ʾabī ʿArūbah = ṯiqah
- Ibn Numayr = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- Ibn Wahb = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū ʾAḥmad al-Zubayrī = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- ʾAbū al-Ḵaṭṭāb Ziyād = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū al-Rijāl = ṯiqah
- al-Ṭayālisī = ṯiqah min ʾaṣdaq al-nās lahjatan
- ʾAbū Ḵayṯamah Zuhayr = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- ʾAbū Saʿd al-Baqqāl = ḍaʿīf
- ʾAbū Kurayb = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū Muʿāwiyah al-Ḍarīr = ṯiqah
- al-ʾAjlaḥ = ḍaʿīf laysa bi-ḏāka
- ʾAḥmad b. Yūnus = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- ʾIsrāʾīl b. Yūnus = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- al-ʾAʿmaš = ṯiqah ṯabt
- Bišr b. Ḵālid = ṯiqah
- Jarīr b. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd = ṯiqah
- al-Ḥasan b. Ḥayy = ṯiqah
- Ḥusayn b. Wāqid = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- Ḵalaf b. Hišām = ṯiqah
- al-Rabīʿ b. Sulaymān = lā baʾs bi-hi
- Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān = lā baʾs bi-hi
- Saʿīd b. Yaḥyá b. Saʿīd = ṯiqah
- Sulaymān b. Ḥarb = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- Suwayd b. Saʿīd = laysa bi-ṯiqah wa-lā maʾmūn
- Šarīk = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Maymūn = laysa bi-ṯiqah
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = ḍaʿīf
- Ibn al-Ḡusayl = laysa bi-al-qawiyy
- ʿAbd Allāh b. ʾIdrīs = ṯiqah ṯabat
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Rajāʾ = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muʿāwiyah = yarwī ʿan hišām bn ʿurwah ḍaʿīfan
- ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- ʿAbd al-Wāriṯ b. ʿAbd al-Ṣamad = lā baʾs bi-hi
- ʿUbayd Allāh b. Saʿd = lā baʾs bi-hi
- ʿAlī b. Naṣr = ṯiqah
- ʿUmar b. Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan = ṣadūq
- ʿUmar b. Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan = lā baʾs bi-[hi]
- Qabīṣah = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- Qutaybah b. Saʿīd = ṯiqah ṣadūq
- Kaṯīr b. Zayd = ḍaʿīf
- Kaṯīr b. Hišām = lā baʾs bi-hi
- Mālik b. Sulaymān = ḍaʿīf
- Muḥammad b. ʾÂdam = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. ʾÂdam = ṣadūq lā baʾs bi-hi
- Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Ḥakam = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Ḥakam = ṣadūq lā baʾs bi-hi
- al-Ṭanāfisī = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. ʾIbrāhīm al-Taymī = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. ʾIsḥāq al-Ṣaḡānī = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. al-Muṯanná = kāna lā baʾs bi-hi kāna yuḡayyiru fī kitābi-hi
- Muḥammad b. al-Naḍr = lā baʾs bi-hi
- Muḥammad b. Ḥumayd = laysa bi-ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. Ḥumayd al-Yaškurī = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- Muḥammad b. Rāfiʿ = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- Muḥammad b. Sābiq = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- al-Wāqidī = laysa bi-ṯiqah
- al-Wāqidī = one of al-maʿrūfūn bi-waḍʿ al-ḥadīṯ ʿalá rasūl allāh
- Muḥammad b. ʿAmr = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- Muḥammad b. Yazīd = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. Yūsuf = ṯiqah
- Marwān b. Muʿāwiyah = ṯiqah
- Muʿāḏ b. Muʿāḏ = ṯiqah ṯabt
- Hudbah b. Ḵālid = ḍaʿīf
- Hišām b. ʿAmmār = lā baʾs bi-hi
- Hannād b. al-Sarī = ṯiqah
- al-Hayṯam b. ʿAdī al-Ṭāʾī = matrūk al-ḥadīṯ
- Yaḥyá al-Ḥimmānī = laysa bi-ṯiqah
- Yaḥyá al-Ḥimmānī = ḍaʿīf
- Yaḥyá b. ʾÂdam = ṯiqah
- Yaḥyá b. ʾAyyūb = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- Yaḥyá b. ʾAyyūb = laysa bi-al-qawiyy
- Yaḥyá b. Zakariyyāʾ = ṯiqah ṯabt
- Yaḥyá b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān = ṯiqah
- Yaḥyá b. Hāšim = matrūk al-ḥadīṯ
- Yaḥyá b. Yaḥyá b. Bakr = ṯiqah ṯabat
- Yaḥyá b. Yaḥyá b. Bakr = al-ṯiqah al-maʾmūn
- Yaʿqūb b. Ḥumayd b. Kāsib = laysa bi-šayʾ
- al-Fasawī = lā baʾs bi-hi
- Yūnus b. Bukayr = laysa bi-al-qawiyy
- Yūnus b. Bukayr = ḍaʿīf
al-Sājī
ʾAbū Yaḥyá Zakariyyāʾ b. Yaḥyá al-Sājī; Basran; d. 307/919-920.
JUDGEMENTS: 3
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = his Hadith in Madinah are ʾaṣaḥḥ than his Hadith in Baghdad
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = fī-hi ḍaʿf
- Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān = transmitted from Hišām ʾaḥādīṯ lā yutābaʿu ʿalay-hā
al-Dawlābī
ʾAbū Bišr Muḥammad b. ʾAḥmad al-Dawlābī; Rāzī; b. 214/829-830; d. 310/923.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2905&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū Bakr al-Ṭalḥī = ṯiqah
ʾAbū Bakr al-Ḵallāl
ʾAbū Bakr ʾAḥmad b. Muḥammad al-Ḵallāl; Baghdadian; b. 234/848-849; d. 311/923.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū ʾUmayyah = ʾimām fī al-ḥadīṯ
ʿAffān
ʾAbū ʿUṯmān ʿAffān b. Muslim al-Ṣaffār; Baghdadian; b. c. 134/751-752; d. c. 220/835.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū ʿAwānah al-Waḍḍāḥ = kāna ṣaḥīḥ al-kitāb ṯabtan
Ibn Ḵuzaymah
ʾAbū Bakr Muḥammad b. ʾIsḥāq b. Ḵuzaymah; Khurasanian; b. 223/837-838; d. 311/924.
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- al-ʾAṣamm = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Ḥakam = ʾaʿraf amongst the jurists in the ʾaqāwīl of the Companions and the Followers
ʾAbū ʿAwānah al-ʾIsfarāyīnī
ʾAbū ʿAwānah Yaʿqūb b. ʾIsḥāq al-ʾIsfarāyīnī; Khurasanian; b. post-230/844-845; d. 316/929.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
ʾAbū al-Qāsim al-Baḡawī
ʾAbū al-Qāsim ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad al-Baḡawī; Baghdadian; d. 317/929-930.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2958&flag=1&bk_no=60
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- Dāwūd b. ʿAmr = al-ṯiqah al-maʾmūn
- Suwayd b. Saʿīd = min al-ḥuffāẓ
Ibn ʿAmmār al-Šahīd
ʾAbū al-Faḍl Muḥammad b. ʿAmmār al-Šahīd; Harawī; d. 317/929-930.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=3021&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʿAbd b. Ḥumayd = committed rafʿ and ḵaṭaʾ in a Prophetical hadith
Ibn Ṣāʿid
ʾAbū Muḥammad Yaḥyá b. Muḥammad b. Ṣāʿid; Baghdadian; b. 228/842-843; d. 318/930.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
al-ʿUqaylī
ʾAbū Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. ʿAmr al-ʿUqaylī; Meccan; d. 322/933-934.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&flag=1&ID=3130&bk_no=60
JUDGEMENTS: 4
- al-ʾAjlaḥ = transmitted some muḍṭaribah Hadith
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muʿāwiyah = yuḥaddiṯu ʿan hišām bn ʿurwah manākīr lā ʾaṣl la-hā
- Muḥammad b. Ḥumayd al-Yaškurī = fī ḥadīṯi-hi naẓar
- Yaḥyá b. Hāšim = yaḍaʿu al-ḥadīṯ ʿalá al-ṯiqāt
ʾAbū Nuʿaym b. ʿAdī
ʾAbū Nuʿaym ʿAbd al-Malik b. Muḥammad b. ʿAdī; Jurjānī; b. 242/856-857; d. 322-323/933-935.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū al-ʿAbbās al-ʾAṣamm = al-ṯiqah al-maʾmūn
Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim
ʾAbū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī Ḥātim Muḥammad; Rāzī; b. 240-241/854-856; d. 327/938.
JUDGEMENTS: 14
- ʾIbrāhīm b. Mālik = huwa ṣadūq wa-kāna min al-ṣāliḥīn
- Ibn ʾabī Ḵayṯamah = ṣadūq
- al-ʾAṣamm = ṯiqah ṣadūq
- ʾAbū al-ʿAbbās al-Ḡazzī = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū Šihāb al-Ḥannāṭ = ṣāliḥ al-ḥadīṯ
- ʾAḥmad b. Sinān = ʾimām ʾahl zamāni-hi
- ʿAbdah b. Sulaymān = mustaqīm al-ḥadīṯ jiddan
- ʿUbayd Allāh b. Saʿd = ṣadūq
- ʿAlī b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz = ṣadūq
- Muḥammad b. ʾIsmāʿīl al-Ṣāʾiḡ = ṣadūq
- Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Ḥakam = ṣadūq ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. ʾIsḥāq al-Ṣaḡānī = ṯabt ṣadūq
- Muslim b. al-Ḥajjāj = ṯiqah min al-ḥuffāẓ
- Yūnus b. Ḥabīb = ṯiqah
al-Ṣibḡī
ʾAbū Bakr ʾAḥmad b. ʾIsḥāq al-Ṣibḡī; Naysābūrī; b. 258/871-872; d. 342/953-954.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Mūsá b. Hārūn = mā raʾaynā fī ḥuffāẓ al-ḥadīṯ ʾahyab wa-lā ʾawraʿ min mūsá bn hārūn
ʾAbū Saʿīd b. Yūnus
ʾAbū Saʿīd ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾAḥmad b. Yūnus; Egyptian; b. 281/894-895; d. 347/958.
https://islamweb.org/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&idfrom=3389&idto=3389&bk_no=60&ID=3247
JUDGEMENTS: 5
- ʾAbū ʾUmayyah = ḥasan al-ḥadīṯ
- ʾAbū Yazīd al-Qarāṭīsī = ṯiqah
- al-Rabīʿ b. Sulaymān = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. Jaʿfar = ṯiqah
- al‑Nasāʾī = ʾimām ḥāfiẓ ṯabt
Ibn Qāniʿ
ʾAbū al-Ḥusayn ʿAbd al-Bāqī b. Qāniʿ; Baghdadian; b. 265/878-879; d. 351/962.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=3342&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʿAbd al-Ṣamad b. ʿAbd al-Wāriṯ = ṯiqah yuḵṭiʾu
Maslamah b. Qāsim
ʾAbū al-Qāsim Maslamah b. Qāsim; Andalusian; d. 353/964-965.
https://islamweb.com/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&idfrom=3467&idto=3467&bk_no=60&ID=3324
JUDGEMENTS: 3
- ʿAbd al-Ḥumayd b. Bayān al-Sukkarī = ṯiqah
- ʿAbd al-Wāriṯ b. ʿAbd al-Ṣamad = lā baʾs bi-hi
- Yūsuf b. Mūsá = ṯiqah
Ibn Ḥibbān
ʾAbū Ḥātim Muḥammad b. Ḥibbān al-Bustī; Khurasanian; b. 270/883-884; d. 354/965.
JUDGEMENTS: 25
- Ibn Numayr = min al-ḥuffāẓ al-mutqinīn
- ʾAbū al-Rijāl = kāna yahimu fī al-ʾaḥāyīn
- ʾAbū Bakr al-ʾAʿyan = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū Muʿāwiyah al-Ḍarīr = ḥāfiẓ mutqin
- al-ʾAʿmaš = mudallis
- Ḥabīb al-ʾAʿwar = yuḵṭiʾu
- Ḵalaf b. Hišām = min al-ḥuffāẓ al-mutqinīn
- Zayd b. al-Ḥarīš = rubba-mā ʾaḵṭaʾa
- Sahl b. Bakkār = rubba-mā wahama wa-ʾaḵṭaʾa
- ʿĀrim b. al-Faḍl = taḡayyara/iḵtalaṭa in his old age
- ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Maymūn = yarwī al-mawḍūʿāt ʿan al-ʾaṯbāt fa-baṭala al-iḥtijāj bi-hi
- ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī al-Rijāl = rubba-mā ʾaḵṭaʾa
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = kāna mimman yanfaridu bi-al-maqlūbāt ʿan al-ʾaṯbāt wa-kāna ḏālika min sūʾ ḥifẓi-hi wa-kaṯrat ḵaṭaʾi-hi fa-lā yajūzu al-iḥtijāj bi-ḵabari-hi ʾiḏā infarada fa-ʾammā fī-mā wāfaqa al-ṯiqāt fa-huwa ṣādiq fī al-riwāyāt yuḥtajju bi-hi
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = mimman yuḵṭiʾu ʾiḏā ḥaddaṯa min ḥifẓi-hi
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá = yarwī al-mawḍūʿāt ʿan al-ʾaṯbāt wa-yaʾtī ʿan hišām bn ʿurwah mā lam yuḥaddiṯ bi-hi hišām qaṭṭ
- ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʾabī Ziyād = min mutqinī ʾahl al-šām
- ʿAmrah = min ʾaʿlam al-nās regarding ʿĀʾišah’s Hadith
- al-Faḍl b. Dukayn = ḥāfiẓ mutqin ṯabat
- Kaṯīr b. Hišām = yuḵṭiʾu wa-yuḵālifu
- Mālik b. Sulaymān = waṣafa-hu ibn ḥibbān bi-al-tadlīs
- Muḥammad the nephew of al-Zuhrī = kāna radīʾ al-ḥifẓ kaṯīr al-wahm
- Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-ʾAsadī = kāna fāḥiš al-ḵaṭaʾ mimman yarfaʿu al-marāsīl wa-yuqallibu al-ʾasānīd laysa mimman yuḥtajju bi-hi
- Manṣūr b. Ṣuqayr = yarwī al-maqlūbāt lā yajūzu al-iḥtijāj bi-hi ʾiḏā infarada
- Mūsá b. ʾIsmāʿīl = min mutqinīn
- Yaʿqūb b. Ḥumayd b. Kāsib = rubba-mā ʾaḵṭaʾ fī al-šayʾ baʿda al-šayʾ
al-Rāmahurmuzī
ʾAbū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Rāmahurmuzī; d. 360/970-971.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&flag=1&ID=3446&bk_no=60
JUDGEMENTS: 0
al-Ṭabarānī
ʾAbū al-Qāsim Sulaymān b. ʾAḥmad al-Ṭabarānī; Palestinian; b. 260/873; d. 360/971.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
Ibn ʿAdī
ʾAbū ʾAḥmad ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAdī al-Qaṭṭān; Jurjānī; b. 277/890-891; d. 365/976.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=3503&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 14
- Ibn Wahb = ṯiqah
- al-Ṭayālisī = mutayaqqiẓ ṯabt
- al-Ṭayālisī = ṯiqah yuḵṭiʾu
- al-ʾAjlaḥ = mustaqīm al-ḥadīṯ ṣadūq
- ʾAḥmad al-ʿUṭāridī = some scholars mujmiʿīn ʿalá ḍaʿfi-hi
- Šihāb b. ʿAbbād = min ḵiyār al-nās
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = lā ʾaʿlamu rawá hāḏā al-ḥadīṯ ʿan hišām [and others] ḡayr ibn ʾabī al-zinād
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = fa-ʾinnī ʾarjū ʾanna-hu lā baʾs bi-hi ʾillā ʾanna-hu qad sabaqa min-hu ʾaḥādīṯ fī faḍāʾil ʾahl al-bayt wa-maṯālib ʾâḵirīn manākīr
- ʿAbd al-Ṣamad b. ʿAbd al-Wāriṯ = ṣadūq ṣāliḥ al-ḥadīṯ
- Muḥammad the nephew of al-Zuhrī = lam ʾara bi-ḥadīṯ-hi baʾsan
- Muḥammad b. ʿAmr = ʾarjū ʾanna-hu lā baʾs bi-hi
- Muḥammad b. Yūsuf = ṣadūq lā baʾs bi-hi
- Yaḥyá b. ʾAyyūb = ṣadūq
- Yaʿqūb b. Ḥumayd b. Kāsib = lā baʾs bi-hi wa-bi-riwāyati-hi
ʾAbū al-Šayḵ al-ʾAṣbahānī
ʾAbū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad; Isfahanian; b. 274/887-888; d. 369/979.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=3591&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- al-Ḥusayn b. al-Faraj = laysa bi-al-qawiyy
al-ʾIsmāʿīlī
ʾAbū Bakr ʾAḥmad b. ʾIbrāhīm al-ʾIsmāʿīlī; Jurjānī; b. 277/890-891; d. 371/981-982.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū ʾAḥmad Hārūn b. Yūsuf al-Tājir = ṯabt
ʾAbū al-Fatḥ al-ʾAzdī
ʾAbū al-Fatḥ Muḥammad b. al-Ḥusayn; Mawṣilī, then Baghdadian; d. 374/985.
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- al-Ḥāriṯ b. Muḥammad = ḍaʿīf
- Yaḥyá b. ʾAkṯam = rawá ʿan al-ṯiqāt ʿajāʾib
Ibn Mufarrij
ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. ʾAḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá b. Mufarrij; Andalusian; d. 380/990.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾIsḥāq b. ʾIbrāhīm al-Dabarī = ʾaḵṭaʾa in his transmission from ʿAbd al-Razzāq
al-Šīrāzī
ʾAbū al-ʿAbbās ʾAḥmad b. Manṣūr; Šīrāzī; d. 382/992-993.
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- ʾAbū Dāwūd = ʾimām fī al-ḥadīṯ
- al-Ṭabarānī = ṯiqah
Ibn Šāhīn
ʾAbū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar b. ʾAḥmad; Baghdadian; b. 297/909; d. 385/995.
https://islamweb.org/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=3719&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 0
al-Qawwās
ʾAbū al-Fatḥ Yūsuf b. ʿUmar al-Qawwās; Baghdadian; b. 300/912-913; d. 385/995.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=3750&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Muḥammad b. Manṣūr al-Šīʿī = ṯiqah
al-Dāraquṭnī
ʾAbū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī b. ʿUmar al-Dāraquṭnī; Baghdadian; b. 306/918-919; d. 385/995.
JUDGEMENTS: 41
- ʾIbrāhīm al-Ḥarbī = ṣadūq
- ʾIbrāhīm b. Mālik = ṯiqah
- Ibn ʾabī al-Ḥunayn = ṯiqah ṣadūq
- Ibn ʾabī Ḵayṯamah = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- Ibn al-Sammāk = min al-ṯiqāt
- ʾAbū Dāwūd al-Ḥafarī = min al-ṣāliḥīn al-ṯiqāt
- ʾAbū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū ʿAmr b. Ḥamdān = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū Muslim al-Kaššī = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū Yaʿlá al-Mawṣilī = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- ʾAḥmad al-ʿUṭāridī = lā baʾs bi-hi
- ʾAḥmad b. Manṣūr = ṯiqah
- ʾAḥmad b. Yūnus = ṯiqah nabīl
- Bišr b. al-Walīd = ṯiqah
- Bišr b. Mūsá = ṯiqah
- al-Ḥāriṯ b. Muḥammad = ṣadūq
- ʾIsḥāq b. ʾIbrāhīm al-Dabarī = ṣadūq
- al-Dīnawarī = ḍaʿīf
- ʿĀrim b. al-Faḍl = taḡayyara in his old age
- ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Maymūn = ḍaʿīf
- ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī al-Rijāl = ṯiqah
- Ibn al-Ḡusayl = ṯiqah
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = ṯiqah lākinna-hu yuḵṭiʾu ʿalá maʿmar fī ʾaḥādīṯ
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá = munkar al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAbd al-Wahhāb b. ʿAṭāʾ = ṯiqah
- ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʾabī Ziyād = laysa bi-hi baʾs
- ʿUbayd b. ʾIsmāʿīl = ṯiqah
- ʿAlī b. Ḥarb = ṯiqah
- ʿAlī b. Zayd b. Judʿān = fī-hi līn
- ʿAlī b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- Farwah = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. ʾAḥmad b. ʿAlī b. Maḵlad = lā baʾs bi-hi
- Muṭayyan = ṯiqah jabal
- Muḥammad b. ʾIsḥāq al-Ṣaḡānī = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. Manṣūr al-Šīʿī = ṯiqah ṣadūq
- Muḥammad b. Mūsá b. Ḥammād al-Barbarī = laysa bi-al-qawiyy
- Muṣʿab b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Zubayrī = ṯiqah
- al-Muṭṭalib b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥanṭab = ṯiqah
- Hišām b. al-Kalbī = matrūk al-ḥadīṯ
- Hišām b. ʿAmmār = ṣadūq
- Yaḥyá b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān = ṯiqah
al-Muʿayṭī
Muḥammad b. Muḥammad b. ʿUtaybah b. Ṣubḥ al-Muʿayṭī; Egyptian; fl. late 10th Century CE.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū ʾUsāmah = kāna kaṯīr al-tadlīs ṯumma baʿda taraka-hu
Ibn Mandah
ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. ʾIsḥāq b. Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá b. Mandah; Isfahanian; b. 310-311/922-924; d. 395/1005.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=3831&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- ʾAbū Yaʿlá al-Mawṣilī = min al-ṯiqāt
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Jaʿfar b. Darastawayh = ṯiqah
al-Sūḏarjānī
ʾAbū al-Qāsim ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʾAḥmad al-Sūḏarjānī; Baghdadian; b. 307/919-920; d. 398/1007-1008.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū Muḥammad b. Ḥayyān = ṯiqah maʾmūn
al-Ḥākim al-Naysābūrī
ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥākim; Khurasanian; b. 321/933; d. 405/1014.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=3918&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 10
- ʾIbrāhīm al-Naḵaʿī = mudallis
- Ibn Dīzīl = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muslim b. Qutaybah = kaḏḏāb
- ʾAbū ʾUmayyah = ṣadūq kaṯīr al-wahm
- ʾAbū ʿAwānah al-ʾIsfarāyīnī = min ʿulamāʾ al-ḥadīṯ wa-ʾaṯbāti-him
- ʾAḥmad b. Yūnus = ʾaḥad ʾaʾimmat al-ḥadīṯ
- Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān = ṯiqah
- Saʿīd b. Manṣūr = ʾaḥad ʾaʾimmat al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAbd al-Ṣamad b. ʿAbd al-Wāriṯ = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- Qabīṣah = kāna kaṯīr al-ḡalaṭ wa-kāna ṣaḡīran lā yaḍbiṭu [but regarding other than Sufyān al-Ṯawrī] kāna rajulan ṣāliḥan ṯiqah lā baʾs bi-hi fī badani-hi
Ibn Mardawayh
ʾAbū Bakr ʾAḥmad b. Mūsá b. Mardawayh; ʾAṣbahānī; b. 323/934-935; d. 410/1020.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=4008&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 3
- Ibn ʾabī ʿĀṣim = ḥāfiẓ
- ʾAbū Muḥammad b. Ḥayyān = ṯiqah maʾmūn
- Ibn al-Muqriʾ = ṯiqah maʾmūn
Ibn ʾabī al-Fawāris
ʾAbū al-Fatḥ Muḥammad b. ʾAḥmad; Baghdadian; b. 338/949-950; d. 412/1022.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=3951&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 3
- Muḥammad b. ʾAḥmad b. Maḵlad = lam yakun bi-ḏāka
- Muḥammad b. ʾAḥmad b. Maḵlad = ḍaʿīf
- Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Ḥubayš = šayḵ ṯiqah ṣāliḥ
al-Lālakāʾī
ʾAbū al-Qāsim Hibat Allāh b. al-Ḥasan al-Lālakāʾī; Ṭabarī-Baghdadian; d. 418/1027.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=4094&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Jarīr b. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd = mujmaʿ ʿalá ṯiqati-hi
al-Barqānī
ʾAbū Bakr ʾAḥmad b. Muḥammad al-Barqānī; Ḵwārizmī; d. 425/1033-1034.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=4126&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- ʾAbū Sahl b. Ziyād al-Qaṭṭān = ṣadūq
- Muḥammad b. ʾAḥmad b. Maḵlad = lā baʾs bi-hi
Ḥamzah al-Sahmī
ʾAbū al-Qāsim Ḥamzah b. Yūsuf al-Sahmī; Jurjānī; b. post-340/951-952; d. 427-428/1035-1037.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=4128&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Ibn ʿAdī = ḥāfiẓ mutqin
ʾAbū Nuʿaym al-ʾAṣbahānī
ʾAbū Nuʿaym ʾAḥmad b. ʿAbd Allāh; Isfahanian; b. 336/947-948; d. 430/1038.
JUDGEMENTS: 6
- al-ʾAṣamm = al-ṯiqah al-maʾmūn
- ʾAbū Muḥammad b. Ḥayyān = ṯiqah
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá = ṣāḥib manākīr wa-bawāṭīl
- ʿAlī b. al-Ṣabbāḥ = min al-ḥuffāẓ
- Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Ḥubayš = ṯiqah
- Ibn al-Muqriʾ = ṯiqah
ʾAbū Muḥammad al-Ḵallāl
ʾAbū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan b. ʾabī Ṭālib al-Ḵallāl; Baghdadian; b. 352/963; d. 439/1047.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Ibn ʾabī Dāwūd = ʾimām ʾahl al-ʿirāq
al-ʿAtīqī
ʾAbū al-Ḥasan ʾAḥmad b. Muḥammad al-ʿAtīqī; Baghdadian; b. 367/977-978; d. 441/1049.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=4228&flag=1&bk_no=60
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū al-Qāsim al-Ṣaydalānī = ṯiqah maʾmūn
ʾAbū Yaʿlá al-Ḵalīlī
ʾAbū Yaʿlá al-Ḵalīl b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḵalīlī; Qazwīnī; d. 446/1055.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&flag=1&ID=4283&bk_no=60
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Ibn Mājah = huwa ṯiqah kabīr muttafaq ʿalay-hi muḥtajj bi-hi la-hu maʿrifah bi-al-ḥadīṯ wa-ḥifẓ
Ibn Ḥazm
ʾAbū Muḥammad ʿAlī b. ʾAḥmad b. Saʿīd b. Ḥazm; Andalusian; b. 384/994; d. 456/1064.
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- ʾIsrāʾīl b. Yūnus = ḍaʿīf
- al-Ḥāriṯ b. Muḥammad b. ʾabī ʾUsāmah = ḍaʿīf
al-Bayhaqī
ʾAbū Bakr ʾAḥmad b. al-Ḥusayn al-Bayhaqī; Khurasanian; b. 384/994; d. 458/1066.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
al-Bāṭirqānī
ʾAbū Bakr ʾAḥmad b. al-Faḍl al-Bāṭirqānī; b. 372/982-983; d. 460/1067-1068.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=4382&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Ibn Mandah = ʾimām al-ʾaʾimmah fī al-ḥadīṯ
al-Ḵaṭīb al-Baḡdādī
ʾAbū Bakr ʾAḥmad b. ʿAlī al-Ḵaṭīb; Baghdadian; b. 392/1002; d. 463/1071.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=4422&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 24
- ʾIbrāhīm b. Saʿīd = ṯiqah mukṯir ṯabat
- Ibn ʾabī Ḵayṯamah = ṯiqah ʿālim mutqin ḥāfiẓ baṣīr
- Ibn al-Sammāk = ṯiqah ṯabt
- Ibn Rāhwayh = ʾaḥad ʾaʾimmat al-muslimīn
- Ibn Saʿd = min ʾahl al-ʿadālah, but transmitted al-manākīr from al-Wāqidī
- Ibn ʿAbd al-Ḥumayd = ṯiqah
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muslim b. Qutaybah = ṯiqah
- ʾAbū al-Jahm al-ʿAlāʾ b. Mūsá = ṣadūq
- ʾAbū al-Ḥusayn ʾAḥmad b. Muḥammad = ṣadūq
- ʾAbū Ḵayṯamah Zuhayr = ṯiqah ṯabt ḥāfiẓ mutqin
- ʾAbū Muḥammad b. Ḥayyān = ḥāfiẓ ṯabat mutqin
- al-ʾÂjurrī = dayyin ṯiqah
- ʾAḥmad b. ʿUbayd al-Ṣaffār = ṯiqah ṯabt
- Bišr b. Mūsá = ṯiqah ʾamīn
- ʿAbd Allāh b. ʾAḥmad = ṯiqah ṯabt
- ʿUbayd Allāh b. Saʿd = ṯiqah
- ʿAlī b. al-Ḥasan al-Qāfalānī = ṯiqah
- ʿUmar b. ʾabī Ṭālib = ṣadūq
- ʿĪsá b. ʿAlī = ṯabat al-samāʿ ṣaḥīḥ al-kitāb
- Muḥammad b. al-ʿAbbās al-Muʾaddib = ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. al-Muṯanná = ṣadūq
- Mūsá b. Hārūn = ṯiqah ḥāfiẓ
- Maymūn b. ʾIsḥāq = ṣadūq
- Yūsuf b. ʿUmar al-Qawwās = ṯiqah zāhid ṣādiq
Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr
ʾAbū ʿUmar Yūsuf b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Barr; Cordovan; b. 368/978; d. 463/1071.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū al-Rijāl = ṯiqah
al-Hāšimī
ʾAbū al-Ḡanāʾim ʿAbd al-Ṣamad b. ʿAlī al-Hāšimī; better known as Ibn al-Maʾmūn; Baghdadian; b. 374-376/984-987; d. 465/1073.
https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=4252&bk_no=60&idfrom=4392&idto=4392
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Muḥammad b. Manṣūr al-Šīʿī = ṯiqah maʾmūn
Ibn al-Ḥaḏḏāʾ
ʾAbū ʿUmar ʾAḥmad b. Muḥammad; Andalusian; d. 467/1074.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=4450&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʿAbd al-Wāriṯ b. Sufyān = ṣāliḥ ʿafīf
al-Bājī
ʾAbū al-Walīd Sulaymān b. Ḵalaf al-Bājī; Andalusian; b. 403/1013; d. 474/1081.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Ibn ʿAdī = ḥāfiẓ lā baʾs bi-hi
ʾAbū ʾIsmāʿīl al-Harawī
ʾAbū ʾIsmāʿīl ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad; Harawī; b. 396/1005-1006; d. 481/1089.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=4548&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- al-Ḥākim al-Naysābūrī = ṯiqat al-ḥadīṯ
Ibn Ḵayrūn
ʾAbū al-Faḍl ʾAḥmad b. al-Ḥasan b. ʾAḥmad b. Ḵayrūn; Baghdadian; b. 404/1013-1014; d. 488/1095.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʾAbū al-Ḥusayn ʾAḥmad b. Muḥammad = ṯiqah
Ibn Ṭāhir al-Maqdisī
ʾAbū al-Faḍl Muḥammad b. Ṭāhir b. al-Qaysarānī al-Maqdisī al-ʾAṯarī; Palestinian; b. 408/1018; d. 507/1113.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
al-Baḡawī
ʾAbū Muḥammad al-Ḥusayn b. Masʿūd al-Baḡawī; Khurasanian; d. 516/1122.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
Ibn ʿAsākir
ʾAbū al-Qāsim ʿAlī b. ʾabī Muḥammad al-Ḥasan; Damascene; b. 499/1105; d. 519/1125.
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- Ibn ʿAdī = ṯiqah ʿalá laḥn fī-hi
- Hišām b. al-Kalbī = laysa bi-ṯiqah
al-Samʿānī
ʾAbū Saʿd ʿAbd al-Karīm b. Muḥammad al-Samʿānī; Khurasanian; b. 506/1113; d. 562/1166-1167.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Ibn Baṭṭah = min ʾakṯar al-mašāyiḵ ḥadīṯan wa-samāʿan
Ibn al-ʿAṭṭār
ʾAbū Bakr Manṣūr b. Naṣr b. al-ʿAṭṭār; Ḥarrānī then Baghdadian; d. 575/1179-1180.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Maʿmar b. Rāšid = ʾinna-hu yudallisu
Ibn al-Jawzī
ʾAbū al-Faraj ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAlī; Baghdadian; b. 509-510/1115-1117; d. 597/1201.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
Ibn al-Qaṭṭān al-Fāsī
ʾAbū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī b. Muḥammad al-Fāsī; Maḡribī; d. 628/1231.
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=5844&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- al-ʿUqaylī = ṯiqah
Ibn al-Ṣalāḥ
ʾAbū ʿAmr ʿUṯmān b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Syrian; b. 577/1181-1182; d. 643/1245:
https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=6011&bk_no=60&flag=1
JUDGEMENTS: 0
Ibn Taymiyyah
ʾAbū al-ʿAbbās ʾAḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Ḥalīm b. ʿAbd al-Salām b. ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Ḵaḍir b. Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Taymiyyah; Ḥarrānī, then Damascene; b. 661/1263; d. 728/1328.
JUDGEMENTS: 0
al-Ḏahabī
ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. ʾAḥmad al-Ḏahabī; Syrian; b. 673/1274; d. 748/1348.
https://tarajm.com/people/19862
JUDGEMENTS: 176
- ʾAbān al-ʿAṭṭār = min kibār ʿulamāʾ al-ḥadīṯ and ṯiqah ḥujjah
- Ibn Dīzīl = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṯiqah al-ʿābid
- Ibn ʾabī Dāwūd = al-ʾimām al-ʿallāmah al-ḥāfiẓ and šayḵ baḡdād
- Ibn ʾabī ʿArūbah = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ ʿālim ʾahl al-baṣrah
- Ibn ʾabī ʿĀṣim = ḥāfiẓ kabīr ʾimām
- Ibn al-Jārūd = min ʾaʾimmat al-ʾaṯar
- Ibn al-Sammāk = al-šayḵ al-ʾimām al-muḥaddiṯ al-mukṯir al-ṣādiq
- Ibn al-Muhtadī bi-Allāh = al-ʾimām al-ʿālim al-ḵaṭīb al-muḥaddiṯ al-ḥujjah
- Ibn Bālawayh = al-ʾimām al-mufīd al-raʾīs
- Ibn Buraydah = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ʾimām and šayḵ marw
- Ibn Ḥibbān = al-ʾimām al-ʿallāmah al-ḥāfiẓ and šayḵ ḵurāsān
- Ibn Ḥanbal = šayḵ al-ʾislām and ʾaḥad al-ʾaʾimmat al-ʾaʿlām
- Ibn Ziyād al-Naysābūrī = al-ʾimām al-ʿallāmah and šayḵ al-ʾislām
- Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr = al-ʾimām al-ʿallāmah ḥāfiẓ al-maḡrib šayḵ al-ʾislām
- Ibn ʿAdī = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-nāqid al-jawwāl
- Ibn Mājah = ḥāfiẓ nāqid ṣādiq
- Ibn Mandah = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ and muḥaddiṯ al-ʾislām
- ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq = ṯiqah, but his memory changed in old age, but lam yaḵtaliṭ
- ʾAbū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī b. ʾAḥmad b. ʿAbdān = ṯiqah mašhūr
- ʾAbū al-Ḥusayn ʾAḥmad b. Muḥammad = ṣaḥīḥ al-samāʿ mutaḥarriyan fī al-riwāyah
- ʾAbū al-Ḥusayn al-Qaṭṭān = al-šayḵ al-ʿālim al-ṯiqah
- ʾAbū al-Zinād = al-ʾimām al-faqīh al-ḥāfiẓ
- ʾAbū al-Maymūn = al-šayḵ al-ʾimām al-ʾadīb al-ṯiqah al-maʾmūn
- ʾAbū al-Walīd Ḥassān = al-ʾimām al-ʾawḥad al-ḥāfiẓ and šayḵ ḵurāsān
- ʾAbū ʾUmayyah = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ
- ʾAbū Bakr al-ʾAʿyan = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṯabat
- ʾAbū Dāwūd = muqaddam al-ḥuffāẓ
- ʾAbū Dāwūd al-Ḥafarī = al-ʾimām al-ṯabt
- ʾAbū Dāwūd al-Ṭayālisī = al-ḥāfiẓ al-kabīr
- ʾAbū Ḵayṯamah Zuhayr = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ḥujjah and ʾaḥad ʾaʿlām al-ḥadīṯ
- ʾAbū Zurʿah = al-šayḵ al-ʾimām al-ṣādiq and muḥaddiṯ al-šām
- ʾAbū Sahl b. Ziyād al-Qaṭṭān = al-ʾimām al-muḥaddiṯ al-ṯiqah
- ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-mutqin al-ḥujjah
- ʾAbū ʿAmr b. Ḥamdān = al-šayḵ al-ʿālim al-muḥaddiṯ
- ʾAbū ʿAwānah al-ʾIsfarāyīnī = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-kabīr
- ʾAbū ʿAwānah al-Waḍḍāḥ = ṯiqah al-ṯabt and min ʾarkān al-ḥadīṯ
- ʾAbū Kāmil al-Fuḍayl = al-ḥāfiẓ
- ʾAbū Kurayb = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṯiqah al-ʾimām and šayḵ al-muḥaddiṯīn
- ʾAbū Salamah = ʾaḥad al-ʾaʿlām bi-al-madīnah
- ʾAbū Muḥammad b. Ḥayyān = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṣādiq and muḥaddiṯ ʾaṣbahān
- ʾAbū Muslim al-Kaššī = al-šayḵ al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ
- ʾAbū Mushir = al-ʾimām and šayḵ al-šām
- ʾAbū Muʿāwiyah al-Ḍarīr = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ḥujjah and ʾaḥad al-ʾaʿlām
- ʾAbū Naṣr b. ʾabī ʿĀṣim b. ʾabī al-Faḍl = al-muḥaddiṯ al-ṣāliḥ
- ʾAbū Nuʿaym al-ʾAṣbahānī = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṯiqah al-ʿallāmah and šayḵ al-ʾislām and ṣadūq
- ʾAbū Yazīd al-Qarāṭīsī = al-ʾimām al-ṯiqah
- ʾAbū Yaʿlá al-Mawṣilī = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ šayḵ al-ʾislām and muḥaddiṯ al-mawṣil
- al-ʾÂjurrī = al-ʾimām al-muḥaddiṯ and ṣadūq
- ʾAḥmad b. Zuhayr al-Tustarī = al-ʾimām al-ḥujjah al-muḥaddiṯ and šayḵ al-ʾislām
- ʾAḥmad b. Sahl b. Baḥr = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ʾimām al-mutqin
- ʾAḥmad b. ʿUbayd al-Hamḏānī = al-ʾimām al-muḥaddiṯ al-ḥujjah al-nāqid
- ʾAḥmad b. ʿUbayd al-Ṣaffār = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ
- ʾAḥmad al-ʿUṭāridī = lā tafarrada bi-šayʾ and ṣadūq fī bāb al-riwāyah
- ʾAḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Ziyād = al-ʾimām al-muḥaddiṯ al-qudwah al-ṣadūq al-ḥāfiẓ and šayḵ al-ʾislām
- ʾAḥmad b. Manṣūr = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ḍābiṭ
- ʾAḥmad b. Yūnus = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṣādiq and muḥaddiṯ ḵurāsān fī zamāni-hi
- ʾIsrāʾīl b. Yūnus = min ʾawʿiyat al-ḥadīṯ and min mašāyiḵ al-ʾislām and ṯiqah
- ʾIsmāʿīl b. ʾabī Ḵālid = muḥaddiṯ al-kūfah fī zamāni-hi
- al-ʾAʿmaš = ḥujjah ḥāfiẓ but yudallisu ʿan al-ḍuʿafāʾ
- al-Buḵārī = ṯiqah maʾmūn, despite ʾAbū Ḥātim and ʾAbū Zurʿah’s rejecting his Hadith over a theological issue
- ʾAbū al-Qāsim al-Baḡawī = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ʾimām al-ḥujjah
- Bišr b. al-Walīd = al-ʾimām al-ʿallāmah al-muḥaddiṯ al-ṣādiq
- Bišr b. Mūsá = ṯiqah
- al-Balāḏurī = al-ʿallāmah
- al-Bayhaqī = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ʿallāmah al-ṯabt and šayḵ al-ʾislām
- al-Tirmiḏī = al-ḥāfiẓ
- Jābir b. Zayd = ʿālim ʾahl al-baṣrah fī zamāni-hi
- Jarīr b. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-qāḍī
- al-Ḥāriṯ b. Muḥammad b. ʾabī ʾUsāmah = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṣadūq
- al-Ḥākim al-Naysābūrī = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-nāqid al-ʿallāmah šayḵ al-muḥaddiṯīn
- al-Ḥasan b. Ḥayy = al-ʾimām al-kabīr ʾaḥad al-ʾaʿlām and min ʾaʾimmat al-ʾislām
- al-Ḥasan b. Sufyān = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṯabt
- al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī b. Muḥammad al-Huḏalī = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṣadūq
- al-Ḥusayn b. ʾIsḥāq al-Tustarī = min al-ḥuffāẓ al-raḥḥālah
- al-Ḥusayn b. Muḥammad al-Ḥarrānī = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-muʿammar al-ṣādiq
- Ḥafṣ b. ʿUmar al-Raqqī = ṣadūq fī nafsi-hi wa-laysa bi-mutqin
- Ḥammād b. Salamah = šayḵ al-ʾislām and ṣadūq ḥujjah
- Ḥawṯarah b. ʾAšras = al-muḥaddiṯ al-ṣadūq
- al-Ḵaṭīb al-Baḡdādī = al-ʾimām al-ʾawḥad al-ʿallāmah al-muftī and al-ḥāfiẓ al-nāqid
- Ḵalaf b. Hišām al-Bazzār = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ḥujjah and šayḵ al-ʾislām
- al-Dārimī = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ʾimām
- al-Dīnawarī = al-faqīh al-ʿallāmah al-muḥaddiṯ
- al-Sājī = al-ʾimām al-ṯabt al-ḥāfiẓ and muḥaddiṯ al-baṣrah and min ʾaʾimmat al-ḥadīṯ
- al-Zuhrī = ḥāfiẓ zamāni-hi
- Zayd b. al-Ḥubāb = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṯiqah
- Saʿīd b. ʾabī Maryam = min ʾaʾimmat al-ḥadīṯ
- Saʿīd b. al-Musayyab = ʿālim ʾahl al-madīnah and sayyid al-tābiʿīn
- Saʿīd b. Manṣūr = ṯiqah ṣādiq min ʾawʿiyat al-ʿilm
- Sufyān al-Ṯawrī = šayḵ al-ʾislām ʾimām al-ḥuffāẓ sayyid al-ʿulamāʾ al-ʿāmilīn fī zamāni-hi
- Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah = lā yudallisu ʾillā ʿan ṯiqah ʿindi-hi
- Sulaymān b. ʾabī Sulaymān = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ḥujjah
- Sulaymān b. Ḥarb = al-ʾimām al-ṯiqah al-ḥāfiẓ and šayḵ al-ʾislām
- Suwayd b. Saʿīd = al-ʾimām al-muḥaddiṯ al-ṣadūq and šayḵ al-muḥaddiṯīn
- al-Šāfiʿī = ṯiqah ḥujjah ḥāfiẓ
- Šarīk b. ʿAbd Allāh = al-ʿallāmah al-ḥāfiẓ al-qāḍī and ʾaḥad al-ʾaʿlām
- al-Ṭabarānī = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṯiqah, and muḥaddiṯ al-ʾislām
- al-Ṭabarī = ṭiqah ṣadūq ḥāfiẓ, and ʿallāmah fī al-taʾrīḵ
- ʿAbbād b. al-ʿAwwām = al-ʾimām al-muḥaddiṯ al-ṣadūq
- ʿAbṯar b. al-Qāsim = al-ʾimām al-ṯiqah
- Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād = ḥasan al-ḥadīṯ
- al-Muḥāribī = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṯiqah
- ʿAbd al-Raḥīm b. Sulaymān = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = al-ḥāfiẓ al-kabīr ʿālim al-yaman and al-ṯiqah, and maʾmūn on the Hadith of the Prophet and ṣādiq
- ʿAbd al-Ṣamad b. ʿAbd al-Wāriṯ = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṯiqah
- ʿAbd Allāh b. ʾAḥmad = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-nāqid and muḥaddiṯ baḡdād
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Jaʿfar b. Darastawayh = al-ʾimām al-ʿallāmah
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Rajāʾ = al-ʾimām al-muḥaddiṯ al-ṣādiq
- ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUmar b. ʾAbān = al-muḥaddiṯ al-ʾimām al-ṯiqah
- ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. ʿUqayl = al-ʾimām al-muḥaddiṯ
- ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr = declared to be ṯiqah, but taḡayyara in his old age, but mā iḵtalaṭa
- ʿAbd al-Wahhāb b. ʿAṭāʾ = al-ʾimām al-ṣadūq al-ʿābid al-muḥaddiṯ
- ʿAbd b. Ḥumayd = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ḥujjah
- ʿAbdān b. ʾAḥmad = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ḥujjah al-ʿallāmah and ḥāfiẓ ṣadūq
- ʿAbdah b. Sulaymān = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ḥujjah
- ʿUbayd Allāh b. Muʿāḏ = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ʾawḥad al-ṯiqah
- ʿUbayd b. Ḡannām = al-ʾimām, al-muḥaddiṯ, al-ṣādiq and ṯiqah
- al-ʿIjlī = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ
- ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr = ʿālim al-madīnah
- ʿAffān b. Muslim = mā fawqa ʿaffān ʾaḥad fī al-ṯiqah
- ʿAlī b. Ḥarb = al-ʾimām al-muḥaddiṯ al-ṯiqah
- ʿAlī b. Zayd b. Judʿān = al-ʾimām al-ʿālim al-kabīr
- ʿAlī b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṣadūq and ḥasan al-ḥadīṯ
- ʿAlī b. Mushir = min mašāyiḵ al-ʾislām
- ʿAlī b. Naṣr = al-ʾimām al-ṯabat
- ʿUmārah b. Ḡaziyyah = ṯiqah
- ʿAmr b. Muḥammad al-Nāqid = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ḥujjah and min ʾawʿiyat al-ʿilm
- ʿAmrah = ḥujjah
- Qāsim b. ʾAṣbaḡ = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ʿallāmah and muḥaddiṯ al-ʾandalus
- al-Qāsim b. Muḥammad = al-ʾimām al-qudwah al-ḥāfiẓ al-ḥujjah
- Qabīṣah b. ʿUqbah = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ʾimām al-ṯiqah
- Qatādah b. Diʿāmah = ḥujjah when his samāʿ is proven, but mudallis otherwise
- Mujālid b. Saʿīd = fī ḥadīṯi-hi līn
- Muḥammad b. ʾIsmāʿīl al-Ṣāʾiḡ = al-ʾimām al-muḥaddiṯ al-ṯiqah
- Muṭayyan = al-šayḵ al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṣādiq and muḥaddiṯ al-kūfah
- Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Ḥakam = šayḵ al-ʾislām
- Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-Ṣāʾiḡ = al-ṯiqah
- Muḥammad b. ʾIbrāhīm al-Taymī = transmitted some ḡarīb or munfarid hadiths
- Ibn al-Muqriʾ = al-šayḵ al-ḥāfiẓ al-jawwāl al-ṣadūq
- Muḥammad al-Kalbī = matrūk al-ḥadīṯ
- Muḥammad b. ʾIsḥāq = al-ʿallāmah al-ḥāfiẓ
- Muḥammad b. al-Muṯanná = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṯabat
- Muḥammad b. Bišr = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ʾimām al-ṯabat
- Muḥammad b. Jaʿfar = al-muḥaddiṯ al-ṣādiq
- Muḥammad b. Ḥumayd = al-ʿallāmah al-ḥāfiẓ al-kabīr
- Muḥammad b. Ḥumayd = munkar al-ḥadīṯ ṣāḥib ʿajāʾib
- Muḥammad b. Rāfiʿ = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ḥujjah
- Muḥammad b. ʿAbdūs = al-ʾimām al-ḥujjah al-ḥāfiẓ
- Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-Marwazī = al-ḥāfiẓ
- Muḥammad b. ʿAmr = al-ṣadūq
- Muḥammad b. Mūsá b. Ḥammād al-Barbarī = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ
- Muḥammad b. Yūsuf = šayḵ al-ʾislām
- Maḵlad b. Jaʿfar al-Bāqarḥī = al-ṣadūq
- Marwān b. Muʿāwiyah = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṯiqah
- Muslim b. al-Ḥajjāj = al-ʾimām al-kabīr al-ḥāfiẓ al-mujawwid al-ḥujjah al-ṣādiq
- Muslim b. ʾIbrāhīm = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṯiqah
- al-Muṭṭalib b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥanṭab = ʾaḥad al-ṯiqāt but ʾarsala from ʿUmar and others
- al-Muʿallá b. ʾAsad = min al-ʾaʾimmat al-ʾaṯbāt
- Mūsá b. ʾIsmāʿīl = šayḵ al-ʾislām
- Mūsá b. Hārūn = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ḥujjah al-nāqid and muḥaddiṯ al-ʿirāq
- al-Nasāʾī = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṯabt and šayḵ al-ʾislām and nāqid al-ḥadīṯ
- Hišām b. ʿUrwah = al-ʾimām al-ṯiqah šayḵ al-ʾislām and ʾaḥad al-ʾaʿlām ḥujjah ʾimām lākin fī al-kibar tanāqaṣa ḥifẓu-hu wa-lam yaḵtaliṭ ʾabadan
- Hišām b. al-Kalbī = ʾaḥad al-matrūkīn
- Hišām b. ʿAmmār = min ʾawʿiyat al-ʿilm
- Hišām ʾAbū al-Walīd = šayḵ al-ʾislām and al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-nāqid
- Wakīʿ b. al-Jarrāḥ = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ and muḥaddiṯ al-ʿirāq, and ʾaḥad al-ʾaʿlām
- Wuhayb b. Ḵālid = al-ḥāfiẓ al-kabīr
- Yaḥyá al-Ḥimmānī = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ʾimām al-kabīr
- Yaḥyá b. ʾAyyūb = al-ʾimām al-muḥaddiṯ al-ʿālim al-šahīr, but he had ḡarāʾib manākīr, and he was ḥasan al-ḥadīṯ
- Yaḥyá b. ʾAyyūb al-ʿAllāf = al-ʾimām al-muḥaddiṯ al-ḥujjah
- Yaḥyá b. Zakariyyāʾ b. ʾabī Zāʾidah = al-ḥāfiẓ al-ʿalam al-ḥujjah
- Yaḥyá b. Saʿīd b. ʾAbān = al-ṯabat
- Yaḥyá b. Yaḥyá b. Bakr = šayḵ al-ʾislām and ʿālim ḵurāsān and al-ḥāfiẓ
- al-Fasawī = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ḥujjah
- Yazīd b. Hārūn = šayḵ al-ʾislām and al-ḥāfiẓ and raʾs fī al-ʿilm wa-al-ʿamal and ṯiqah ḥujjah
- Yūnus b. Bukayr = al-ʾimām al-ḥāfiẓ al-ṣadūq
- Yūnus b. Ḥabīb = al-muḥaddiṯ al-ḥujjah
Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah
ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. ʾabī Bakr; Damascene; b. 691/1292; d. 751/1350.
https://tarajm.com/people/19823
JUDGEMENTS: 0
Ibn Rajab
ʾAbū al-Faraj ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾAḥmad b. Rajab; Levantine; b. 736/1335; d. 795/1393.
https://tarajm.com/people/17091
JUDGEMENTS: 0
Zayn al-Dīn al-ʿIrāqī
ʾAbū al-Faḍl ʿAbd al-Raḥīm b. al-Ḥusayn al-ʿIrāqī; Egyptian; b. 725/1324-1325; d. 806/1404.
https://tarajm.com/people/15075
JUDGEMENTS: 0
Walī al-Dīn al-ʿIrāqī
ʾAbū Zurʿah ʾAḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Raḥīm al-ʿIrāqī; Egyptian; b. 762/1360-1361; d. 826/1422.
https://tarajm.com/people/13807
JUDGEMENTS: 2
- ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq = mašhūr bi-al-tadlīs
- al-Zuhrī = mašhūr bi-al-tadlīs
Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī
ʾAbū al-Faḍl ʾAḥmad b. ʿAlī; Egyptian; b. 773/1371; d. 852/1449.
https://tarajm.com/people/16643
JUDGEMENTS: 3
- ʾAbū Nuʿaym = he used transmission terminology (especially ʾaḵbara-nā) misleadingly, which could be nawʿ tadlīs bi-al-nisbah
- ʿAbd al-Razzāq = falsely accused of tadlīs
- Hišām b. ʿUrwah = ḥaddaṯa ʿan-hu [i.e., his father] bi-mā lam yasmaʿ-hu min-hu wa-hāḏā huwa al-tadlīs
al-Suyūṭī
ʾAbū al-Faḍl ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī Bakr al-Suyūṭī; Egyptian; b. 849/1445; d. 911/1505.
https://tarajm.com/people/11931
JUDGEMENTS: 0
ʾAbū al-Ṭāhir
ʾAbū al-Ṭāhir ʾAḥmad b. Muḥammad b. ʿUṯmān; Egyptian; dates unknown.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- ʿAbd al-Ḥumayd b. Bayān al-Sukkarī = ṯiqah
ʾIbrāhīm al-ʾAṣbahānī
Identity uncertain.
JUDGEMENTS: 1
- Ibn ʾabī Dāwūd = kaḏḏāb
Summary of the Judgements
To summarise all of the above, the following quantities of tradent-related judgements are attributed to or quoted from the following Hadith-related figures, within my sample of 1,085 tradent-related judgements of the transmitters of the hadith of ʿĀʾišah:
- al-Šaʿbī = 0
- Ibn Sīrīn = 0
- ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq = 1
- ʾAyyūb al-Saḵtiyānī = 0
- Muḡīrah = 1
- Ibn ʿAwn = 0
- al-ʾAwzāʿī = 0
- Šuʿbah = 4
- Sufyān al-Ṯawrī = 1
- Ḥammād b. Salamah = 0
- Mālik = 2
- Ḥammād b. Zayd = 0
- Ibn al-Mubārak = 1
- al-Nuʿmān b. ʿAbd al-Salām = 1
- ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq al-Fazārī = 0
- al-Darāwardī = 1
- Wakīʿ = 0
- Yaḥyá al-Qaṭṭān = 5
- Ibn Mahdī = 6
- Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah = 0
- ʾAbū ʿĀmir al-ʿAqadī = 1
- al-Šāfiʿī = 1
- Yazīd b. Hārūn = 1
- ʾAbū Mushir = 0
- al-Faḍl b. Dukayn = 1
- ʾAbū al-Walīd al-Ṭayālisī = 1
- ʿUbayd b. Yaʿīš = 1
- Ibn Saʿd = 37
- Ibn ʿAmmār al-Mawṣilī = 2
- Ibn Maʿīn = 132
- Ibn al-Madīnī = 14
- Ibn Numayr = 8
- ʾAbū Ḵayṯamah = 1
- ʾAbū Bakr b. ʾabī Šaybah = 1
- al-Mufaḍḍal = 1
- Dāwūd b. Yaḥyá = 1
- al-Zurayqī = 1
- Zayd b. al-Mubārak = 1
- ʿUmar b. Saʿīd = 1
- Muṣʿab al-Zubayrī = 2
- Ibn Rāhwayh = 3
- ʿUṯmān b. ʾabī Šaybah = 1
- Ibn Ḥanbal = 60
- Hannād = 1
- al-Karābīsī = 2
- al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-ʿAẓīm = 1
- ʾAḥmad b. Ṣāliḥ = 1
- al-Fallās = 6
- ʾIbrāhīm b. Saʿīd al-Jawharī = 2
- Ṣāʾiqah = 1
- al-Buḵārī = 13
- Ibn ʿArafah = 1
- al-ʿAbbās b. Yazīd = 1
- al-Ḏuhlī = 1
- ʾAḥmad b. Sinān = 1
- al-Jūzajānī = 3
- al-ʿIjlī = 57
- Muslim = 3
- Yaʿqūb b. Šaybah = 17
- al-Sarī b. Yaḥyá = 1
- ʾAbū Zurʿah = 22
- al-Muzanī = 1
- Ibn Wārah = 1
- Ṣāliḥ b. ʾAḥmad = 1
- ʾAḥmad b. Sayyār = 1
- al-Ṣāḡānī = 1
- al-Dūrī = 1
- Kaylajah = 1
- Ibn Mājah = 0
- ʾAbū Dāwūd = 18
- ʾAbū Ḥātim = 122
- al-Tirmiḏī = 1
- Ibn ʾabī Ḵayṯamah = 0
- al-Fasawī = 5
- Badr b. ʾabī Badr = 1
- Ibn Ḵirāš = 15
- Ibn al-Junayd = 1
- ʾIbrāhīm al-Ḥarbī = 2
- al-Ḥusayn b. Fahm = 2
- ʾAbū ʾUsāmah = 2
- ʿAbd Allāh b. ʾAḥmad = 1
- Jazarah = 9
- Mūsá b. Hārūn = 1
- Muṭayyan = 4
- al-Farhayānī = 1
- al-Nasāʾī = 82
- al-Sājī = 3
- al-Dawlābī = 1
- ʾAbū Bakr al-Ḵallāl = 1
- ʿAffān = 1
- Ibn Ḵuzaymah = 2
- ʾAbū ʿAwānah al-ʾIsfarāyīnī = 0
- ʾAbū al-Qāsim al-Baḡawī = 2
- Ibn ʿAmmār al-Šahīd = 1
- Ibn Ṣāʿid = 0
- al-ʿUqaylī = 4
- ʾAbū Nuʿaym b. ʿAdī = 1
- Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim = 14
- al-Ṣibḡī = 1
- ʾAbū Saʿīd b. Yūnus = 5
- Ibn Qāniʿ = 1
- Maslamah b. Qāsim = 3
- Ibn Ḥibbān = 25
- al-Rāmahurmuzī = 0
- al-Ṭabarānī = 0
- Ibn ʿAdī = 14
- ʾAbū al-Šayḵ al-ʾAṣbahānī = 1
- al-ʾIsmāʿīlī = 1
- ʾAbū al-Fatḥ al-ʾAzdī = 2
- Ibn Mufarrij = 1
- al-Šīrāzī = 2
- Ibn Šāhīn = 0
- al-Qawwās = 1
- al-Dāraquṭnī = 41
- al-Muʿayṭī = 1
- Ibn Mandah = 2
- al-Sūḏarjānī = 1
- al-Ḥākim al-Naysābūrī = 10
- Ibn Mardawayh = 3
- Ibn ʾabī al-Fawāris = 3
- al-Lālakāʾī = 1
- al-Barqānī = 2
- Ḥamzah al-Sahmī = 1
- ʾAbū Nuʿaym al-ʾAṣbahānī = 6
- ʾAbū Muḥammad al-Ḵallāl = 1
- al-ʿAtīqī = 1
- ʾAbū Yaʿlá al-Ḵalīlī = 1
- Ibn Ḥazm = 2
- al-Bayhaqī = 0
- al-Bāṭirqānī = 1
- al-Ḵaṭīb al-Baḡdādī = 24
- Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr = 1
- al-Hāšimī = 1
- Ibn al-Ḥaḏḏāʾ = 1
- al-Bājī = 1
- ʾAbū ʾIsmāʿīl al-Harawī = 1
- Ibn Ḵayrūn = 1
- Ibn Ṭāhir al-Maqdisī = 0
- al-Baḡawī = 0
- Ibn ʿAsākir = 2
- al-Samʿānī = 1
- Ibn al-ʿAṭṭār = 1
- Ibn al-Jawzī = 0
- Ibn al-Qaṭṭān al-Fāsī = 1
- Ibn al-Ṣalāḥ = 0
- Ibn Taymiyyah = 0
- al-Ḏahabī = 176
- Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah = 0
- Ibn Rajab = 0
- Zayn al-Dīn al-ʿIrāqī = 0
- Walī al-Dīn al-ʿIrāqī = 2
- Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī = 3
- al-Suyūṭī = 0
- ʾAbū al-Ṭāhir = 1
- ʾIbrāhīm al-ʾAṣbahānī = 1
It is striking that the overwhelming majority of the 1,085 judgements under consideration derive from only a tiny proportion of the cited figures: of all of the 127 figures who are actually attributed judgements, a mere 24 account for 928. These 24 authorities—those whose judgements are cited more than five times—are the following, in ascending order of citation:
- ʾAbū Nuʿaym al-ʾAṣbahānī = 6
- al-Fallās = 6
- Ibn Mahdī = 6
- Ibn Numayr = 8
- Jazarah = 9
- al-Ḥākim al-Naysābūrī = 10
- al-Buḵārī = 13
- Ibn al-Madīnī = 14
- Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim = 14
- Ibn ʿAdī = 14
- Ibn Ḵirāš = 15
- Yaʿqūb b. Šaybah = 17
- ʾAbū Dāwūd = 18
- ʾAbū Zurʿah = 22
- al-Ḵaṭīb al-Baḡdādī = 24
- Ibn Ḥibbān = 25
- Ibn Saʿd = 37
- al-Dāraquṭnī = 41
- al-ʿIjlī = 57
- Ibn Ḥanbal = 60
- al-Nasāʾī = 82
- ʾAbū Ḥātim = 122
- Ibn Maʿīn = 132
- al-Ḏahabī = 176
Even more striking is the fact that the top 10 of these figures account for 755 of the total 1,085 judgments (i.e., roughly three quarters), whilst the top 5 figures account for 571 of the total 1,085 judgments (i.e., roughly half).
Analysis of the Data
What can this sample of data tell us about the origins of Hadith criticism? To begin with, the overwhelming predomination of some figures needs to be explained: for example, why were indisputable and renowned Hadith critics like Muslim and al-Tirmiḏī cited so infrequently, and Ibn Mājah not at all? For those operating from the 9th Century CE onward (i.e., the era of proper books and systematic written transmission) at least, the answer seems straightforward: the top ten most frequently cited figures (accounting for a staggering 755 of the total 1,085 judgements) were either the authors of influential extant tradent-related works, or else the primary authorities cited in the influential extant tradent-related collections and recensions of their respective students. Thus:
- al-Ḵaṭīb al-Baḡdādī was the author of the Taʾrīḵ Baḡdād.
- Ibn Ḥibbān was the author of the Kitāb al-Ṯiqāt, the Kitāb al-Majrūḥīn, and the Kitāb Mašāhīr ʿUlamāʾ al-ʾAmṣār.
- Ibn Saʿd was the author of the Kitāb al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kabīr.
- al-Dāraquṭnī’s judgements constitute the ʿIlal of his student al-Barqānī.
- al-ʿIjlī was the author of the Taʾrīḵ al-Ṯiqāt.
- Ibn Ḥanbal’s judgements constitute the ʿIlal of his son ʿAbd Allāh.
- al-Nasāʾī was the author of the Kitāb al-Ḍuʿafāʾ wa-al-Matrūkīn.
- ʾAbū Ḥātim is the primary source of judgements in the Kitāb al-Jarḥ wa-al-Taʿdīl and the ʿIlal al-Ḥadīṯ of his son Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim.
- Ibn Maʿīn’s judgements constitute the respective Tawārīḵ of his students al-Dūrī, Ibn Muḥriz, and al-Dārimī.
- al-Ḏahabī is the author of the Siyar ʾAʿlām al-Nubalāʾ, the Mīzān al-Iʿtidāl fī Naqd al-Rijāl, the Taʾrīḵ al-ʾIslām, and the Taḏkirat al-Ḥuffāẓ.
In other words, the most frequently cited authorities in my sample are figures who wrote or massively contributed to famous and accessible collections of tradent judgements (or at least, works that frequently included tradent judgements). This is most blatant in the case of al-Ḏahabī, whose Siyar ʾAʿlām al-Nubalāʾ was my primary source for judgements and who typically included his own judgements or comments alongside those of earlier authorities in his biographical entries—thus, the overrepresentation of his judgements or comments in the sample.
This simple fact—that the absence of judgements from cited figures is largely explained by a kind of survival bias in the written record—immediately confounds any attempt to infer that such figures were not actually Hadith critics: the absence of judgements attributed to an early figure could be explained by their not having produced any judgements in the first place, but could also be explained by their judgements simply not having been preserved and/or having been overshadowed by those preserved in later, more famous works.
Apropos this point, al-Ḏahabī effectively stated that tradent judgements were not collected and recorded—at least with any kind of regularity—before the turn of the 9th Century CE:
Great scholars have composed numerous works concerning the impugning [of tradents] and the establishing of [their] reliability (wa-qad ʾallafa al-ḥuffāẓ muṣannafāt jammatan fī al-jarḥ wa-al-taʿdīl), ranging [in their compositional tendencies] from [brief] summarisation to [lengthy] elaboration (mā bayna iḵtiṣār wa-taṭwīl). The first of those whose pronouncements thereon were collected (fa-ʾawwal man jumiʿa kalāmu-hu fī ḏālika) was the scholar about whom ʾAḥmad b. Ḥanbal declared: “I never saw with my own eyes [anyone else] like Yaḥyá b. Saʿīd al-Qaṭṭān.” His students after him [also] made pronouncements thereon (takallama fī ḏālika): Yaḥyá b. Maʿīn; ʿAlī b. al-Madīnī; ʾAḥmad b. Ḥanbal; ʿAmr b. ʿAlī al-Fallās; and ʾAbū Ḵayṯamah.[1]
In other words, even if earlier figures such as al-Šaʿbī (d. 103-106/721-725 or 110/728-729), Ibn Sīrīn (d. 110/729), ʾAyyūb al-Saḵtiyānī (d. 131-132/748-750), Ibn ʿAwn (d. 150-151/767-768), and Šuʿbah (d. 160/777) were proper Hadith critics, we would not expect large numbers of their judgements to survive, given that the systematic collection and preservation of judgements only commenced amongst the students of Yaḥyá b. Saʿīd al-Qaṭṭān (d. 198/813).
Still, it is striking that, in the sample under consideration, there are no judgements at all attributed to al-Šaʿbī, Ibn Sīrīn, ʾAyyūb al-Saḵtiyānī, Ibn ʿAwn, al-ʾAwzāʿī, Ḥammād b. Salamah, Ḥammād b. Zayd, ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq al-Fazārī, Wakīʿ, Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah, and ʾAbū Mushir, despite their having been variously identified as Hadith critics in later lists and reports.[2] Likewise, it is striking that such major figures as ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq (= 1), Šuʿbah (= 4), Sufyān al-Ṯawrī (= 1), Mālik (= 2), Ibn al-Mubārak (= 1), Yaḥyá al-Qaṭṭān (= 5), and Ibn Mahdī (= 7)—most of whom were also identified as major early Hadith critics—are attributed only a handful of judgements. Is this really just the product of some kind of selection or survivor bias in the extant material?
A clue in this regard can be found in the actual content of the judgements attributed to the earliest figures under consideration: did they issue judgements using the technical language of Hadith criticism proper or at least judge tradents in relation to their transmission of hadiths and related reliability, or did they instead speak of tradents using idiosyncratic or non-technical language? To answer this question, let us revisit the earliest cited judgements in more detail:
ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq al-Sabīʿī (d. 127-128/744-746)
- al-Ḏahabī: “[The following traditionists] related from him [i.e., ʾAbū ʿUbaydah ʿĀmir]: ʾIbrāhīm al-Naḵaʿī; Sālim al-ʾAfṭas; Saʿīd b. ʾIbrāhīm; Ḵuṣayf al-Jazarī; ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq al-Jazarī; ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq al-Sabīʿī; and others. They declared him to be reliable (waṯṯaqū-hu).”[3]
Muḡīrah b. Miqsam (d. 133-134/750-752)
- ʾAbū al-Qāsim al-Kaʿbī—Zakariyyāʾ b. ʿAdī—ʾAbū ʾUsāmah—al-Mufaḍḍal b. Muhalhal—Muḡīrah: “Al-ʾAʿmaš and ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq corrupted (ʾafsada) the Hadith of the People of the Kufah, or corrupted (ʾafsada) the Hadith in Kufah.”[4]
Šuʿbah b. al-Ḥajjāj (d. 160/777)
- al-Ḵaṭīb al-Baḡdādī—Ibn al-Faḍl—Daʿlaj—ʾAḥmad b. ʿAlī al-ʾAbbār—ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿĀʾišah: “Šuʿbah said to ʾAbū ʿAwānah al-Waḍḍāḥ: “Your writing [down of Hadith] is good (kitābu-ka ṣāliḥ) but your memorisation [of Hadith] is equivalent to nothing [i.e., poor] (wa-ḥifẓu-ka lā yaswá šayʾan).””[5]
- Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim—Yaʿqūb b. Šaybah—Šuʿbah: “Sufyān [al-Ṯawrī] is the Commander of Believers in regards to Hadith (ʾamīr al-muʾminīn fī al-ḥadīṯ).”[6]
- Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim—ʾAbū Ḥātim & ʾAbū Zurʿah—ʾAbū al-Walīd—Šuʿbah: “ʿAlī b. Zayd b. Judʿān related to us—and he was a serial raiser [i.e., retrojector of isnads] (wa-kāna raffāʿan).”[7]
- Ibn Ṣāʿid—Muḥammad b. Yazīd—Yaḥyá b. Kaṯīr—Šuʿbah: “Muḥammad b. ʾIsḥāq is the Commander of Believers in Hadith (ʾamīr al-muʾminīn fī al-ḥadīṯ).”[8]
Sufyān al-Ṯawrī (d. 161-162/777-779)
- Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim—Ḥarb b. ʾIsmāʿīl—Ibn Ḥanbal: “Sufyān [al-Ṯawrī] used to call ʾAbū al-Zinād the Commander of Believers in Hadith (ʾamīr al-muʾminīn fī al-ḥadīṯ).”[9]
Mālik b. ʾAnas (d. 179/795)
- ʾAbū Zurʿah al-Rāzī—Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá—Ibn ʾabī Maryam—Mūsá b. ʾabī Salamah: “I arrived in Madinah and came to Mālik b. ʾAnas, then I said: “Verily, I have come to transmit knowledge from you, and from whomever you commend to me!” He said: “You ought [to study] with Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād (ʿalay-ka bi-ibn ʾabī al-zinād).””[10]
- Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim—Muslim—Ibn Rāhwayh—Yaḥyá b. ʾÂdam—Ibn ʾIdrīs: “I was with Mālik b. ʾAnas, then a man said to him: “O ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh, verily I was in Rayy with ʾAbū ʿUbayd Allāh (i.e., al-Wazīr), then [with] Muḥammad b. ʾIsḥāq, then Ibn ʾIsḥāq said: “Bring me the knowledge of Mālik, for verily I am an expert thereon (bayṭāru-hu).” Then Mālik said: “An antichrist of antichrists (dajjāl min al-dajājilah) is saying, “Bring me my knowledge!””[11]
Ibn al-Mubārak (d. 181/797)
- ʾAbū al-Qāsim al-Kaʿbī—ʾAḥmad b. Šabbūyah—Wahb b. Zamʿah—Ibn al-Mubārak: “The Hadith of the People of Kufah were corrupted (ʾafsada) by two men: al-ʾAʿmaš and ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq.”[12]
al-Nuʿmān b. ʿAbd al-Salām (d. 183/799-800)
- ʾAbū Nuʿaym—Muḥammad b. Jaʿfar b. Yūsuf—ʾAḥmad b. Maḥmūd b. Ṣubayḥ—al-Ḥajjāj b. Yūsuf: “ʾAbū al-Munḏir al-Nuʿmān b. ʿAbd al-Salām was asked about ʾAbū Dāwūd al-Ṭayālisī when I was present, then he said: “He is reliable, trustworthy (huwa ṯiqah maʾmūn).””[13]
al-Darāwardī (d. 187/802-803)
- Ibn Saʿd: “And al-Darāwardī said regarding him [i.e., al-Wāqidī]: “That [man] is a Commander of the Believers in Hadith (ḏālika ʾamīr al-muʾminīn fī al-ḥadīṯ).”[14]
Yaḥyá b. Saʿīd al-Qaṭṭān (d. 198/813)
- al-ʿUqaylī—Muḥammad b. ʿĪsá—Ṣāliḥ b. ʾAḥmad—ʿAlī b. al-Madīnī: “I heard Yaḥyá say: “ʾAbū Šihāb al-Ḥannāṭ was not a good memoriser [of Hadith] (lam yakun ʾabū šihāb al-ḥannāṭ bi-al-ḥāfiẓ).” Yaḥyá was not pleased with his condition [as a transmitter of Hadith] (wa-lam yarḍa yaḥyá ʾamra-hu).”[15]
- Ḥamzah b. Muḥammad b. Ṭāhir—ʾAḥmad b. ʾIbrāhīm b. al-Ḥasan—ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad al-Baḡawī—ʾAḥmad b. Zuhayr—ʾIbrāhīm b. ʿArʿarah—Yaḥyá: “He [i.e., al-ʾAʿmaš] was an exemplar of Islam (wa-huwa ʿallāmat al-ʾislām).”[16]
- al-Ḏahabī—…—al-Layṯ b. Saʿd—Yaḥyá: No knowledge remained with anyone [like] that which remained with Ibn Šihāb [al-Zuhrī] (mā baqiya ʿinda ʾaḥad min al-ʿilm mā baqiya ʿinda ibn šihāb).”[17]
- al-ʿUqaylī—Muḥammad b. ʿĪsá—ʿAmr b. ʿAlī al-Fallās: “Yaḥyá used to not relate [Hadith] from (lā yuḥaddiṯu ʿan) ʾIsrāʾīl [b. Yūnus], nor from Šarīk.”[18]
- Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim—Ṣāliḥ b. ʾAḥmad b. Ḥanbal—ʿAlī b. al-Madīnī—Yaḥyá: “I saw Mālik b. ʾAnas during [my] sleep (raʾaytu mālik bn ʾanas fī al-nawm), so I asked him about Hišām b. ʿUrwah (fa-saʾaltu-hu ʿan hišām bn ʿurwah), whereupon he said (fa-qāla): “As for that which he [i.e., Hišām] related when he was in our proximity [i.e., Madinah] (ʾammā mā ḥaddaṯa b-hi wa-huwa ʿinda-nā), he—i.e., it was as though he—declared it to be sound (fa-huwa ʾay ka-ʾanna-hu yuṣaḥḥiḥu-hu), and that which he related after he departed from our proximity [i.e., to Iraq] (wa-mā ḥaddaṯa baʿda-mā ḵaraja min ʿindi-nā), it was as though he declared it to be weak (fa-ka-ʾanna-hu yuwahhinu-hu).”[19]
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mahdī (d. 198/814)
- Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim—Ibn ʾabī Ḵayṯamah—Yaḥyá b. Maʿīn: “I heard someone ask ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mahdī about ʾIsmāʿīl b. ʾabī Ḵālid, then he said: “Reliable (ṯiqah).””[20]
- ʿUmar al-ʾAṣbahānī—ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mahdī: “The [religious] leaders of the people (ʾaʾimmat al-nās) during their time were four—among them, Ḥammād b. Zayd in Basrah.”[21]
- Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim—Ṣāliḥ b. ʾAḥmad b. Ḥanbal—ʿAlī b. al-Madīnī—ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mahdī: “I never saw anyone more knowledgeable in the Sunnah (lam ʾara ʾaḥadan qaṭṭ ʾaʿlam bi-al-sunnah), nor in Hadith that pertain to the Sunnah (wa-lā bi-al-ḥadīṯ allaḏī yadḵulu fī al-sunnah), than Ḥammād b. Zayd.”[22]
- Muḥammad b. ʾIbrāhīm—ʿAmr b. ʿAlī al-Fallās: “ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mahdī used to not transmit from (lā yuḥaddiṯu ʿan) ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī al-Zinād.”[23]
- al-Ḏahabī—…—ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mahdī: “[ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī al-Zinād is] weak (ḍaʿīf).”[24]
- Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim—ʾAḥmad b. Sinān—ʿAlī b. al-Madīnī—ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mahdī: “Wuhayb was amongst the most discerning of his companions in [regards to] Hadith and tradents (min ʾabṣar ʾaṣḥābi-hi bi-al-ḥadīṯ wa-bi-al-rijāl).”[25]
ʾAbū ʿĀmir al-ʿAqadī (d. 204/819-820)
- Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim: “ʿUmar b. Šabbah related to us in that which he wrote to me—he said: “ʾAbū ʿĀmir al-ʿAqadī related to us: “ʿAbd al-Wāḥid, the mawlá of ʿUrwah, related to us…”” He [i.e., ʿUmar] said: “I said to ʾAbū ʿĀmir: “How was this shaykh?” Then he said: “You would accept [some of his Hadith] and reject [some] (taʿrifu wa-tunkiru).”””[26]
al-Šāfiʿī (d. 204/820)
- Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim—Yūnus b. ʿAbd al-ʾAʿlá—al-Šāfiʿī: “The writings of al-Wāqidī are lies (kutub al-wāqidiyy kaḏib).”[27]
Yazīd b. Hārūn (d. 206/821)
- al-Ḵaṭīb al-Baḡdādī—ʾAḥmad b. ʿAbd Allāh—Muḥammad b. al-Muẓaffar—Jubayr b. Muḥammad—Jābir b. Kudrī—Yazīd b. Hārūn: “Muḥammad b. ʿUmar al-Wāqidī is reliable (ṯiqah).”[28]
al-Faḍl b. Dukayn (d. 218-219/833-834)
- al-Ḵaṭīb al-Baḡdādī—Ibn al-Faḍl—Daʿlaj—ʾAḥmad b. ʿAlī al-ʾAbbār—Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá—al-Faḍl b. Dukayn: “Amongst our teachers, there was no one who erred more than ʾAbū Bakr b. ʿAyyāš (lam yakun min šuyūḵi-nā ʾakṯar ḡalaṭan min ʾabī bakr bn ʿayyāš).”[29]
ʾAbū al-Walīd al-Ṭayālisī (d. 227/842)
- Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim—ʾAbū Ḥātim—ʾAbū al-Walīd al-Ṭayālisī: “Mūsá b. ʾIsmāʿīl was reliable, honest (ṯiqah ṣadūq).”[30]
ʿUbayd b. Yaʿīš (d. 229/844)
- Ibn Šāhīn—ʿUbayd b. Yaʿīš: “ʾAbū Bakr Yūnus b. Bukayr al-Šaybānī. He was reliable (wa-kāna ṯiqah).”[31]
Before proceeding any further, three points need to be addressed. Firstly, the judgement attributed to ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq al-Sabīʿī can be discarded immediately: al-Ḏahabī’s assertion that he and others declared ʾAbū ʿUbaydah to be reliable is consistent with being merely al-Ḏahabī’s own inference from the fact that ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq et al. transmitted from ʾAbū ʿUbaydah—certainly, there is no actual judgement attributed to ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq, whether in the form of a direct quotation or the recounting of a student of his.
Secondly, a similar problem obtains with al-Ḏahabī’s quotation of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mahdī’s judgment of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī al-Zinād: “And Ibn Mahdī said: “Weak (ḍaʿīf).”” I have not yet found an earlier source for this quote—instead, the earliest relevant judgement from Ibn Mahdī appears to be another that was cited above: “ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mahdī used to not transmit from (lā yuḥaddiṯu ʿan) ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī al-Zinād.” It is thus entirely possible that this indirect judgement from Ibn Mahdī was transformed into a more explicit formulation by a later scholar, or in other words: the “ḍaʿīf” judgement may actually be the “lā yuḥaddiṯu ʿan…” judgement in disguise. This process may have been helped along by the fact that other early notable Hadith critics, like Ibn Maʿīn and al-Nasāʾī, also labelled Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād ḍaʿīf.
Finally, there is the problem of the near-identical judgement attributed to both Muḡīrah (d. 133-134/750-752) and Ibn al-Mubārak (d. 181/797): “ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq and al-ʾAʿmaš corrupted the Hadith of the People of Kufah.” It is extremely unlikely that both Muḡīrah and Ibn al-Mubārak formulated the same unusual and highly specific statement independently, so either Ibn al-Mubārak was quoting his predecessor without crediting him or this judgement has been misattributed (i.e., by later students or tradents) from one of these figures to the other. Given that a parallel transmission from Muḡīrah contains a markedly different wording (“The most doomed of the People of Kufah were ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq and this little al-ʾAʿmaš of yours”),[32] there is reason to suspect that a statement of Ibn al-Mubārak’s has contaminated or been conflated with one of Muḡīrah’s.
With these preliminary problems out of the way, what do the aforementioned judgements tell us about the origins and early development of Hadith criticism? Even a brief diachronic analysis of this limited sample reveals a striking fact: the judgements attributed to figures operating during the mid-to-late 8th Century CE are overwhelmingly non-technical nor even necessarily Hadith-specific, whilst the judgements attributed to figures operating from the 9th Century CE onward are overwhelmingly technical. In other words, whereas proper Hadith critics of the 9th Century CE onward (such as Ibn Maʿīn, Ibn Ḥanbal, and al-Nasāʾī) largely seem to use a common technical language, such as ṯiqah (“reliable”), ṣadūq (“sincere/truthful”), ṣāliḥ (“pious”), lā/laysa baʾs (“no problem”), laysa bi-al-qawiyy (“not strong”), laysa bi-šayʾ (“worthless”), and ḍaʿīf (“weak”), the 8th-Century figures under consideration are largely attributed what seem to be non-technical statements, often in the form of hyperbole and rhetoric.
To begin with: Šuʿbah twice declares that someone is “the Commander of Believers in Hadith”, which seems like hyperbolic rhetoric; Sufyān al-Ṯawrī is likewise attributed a hyperbolic “Commander of Believers” statement; Mālik b. ʾAnas is attributed two statements—ordering someone to obtain knowledge from Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād and calling Ibn ʾIsḥāq an antichrist—that do not seem strictly Hadith-related at all; Ibn al-Mubārak’s declaration of the corruption of Kufan Hadith is vague and hyperbolic; and al-Darāwardī’s “Commander of Believers” statement is again hyperbole.
Of course, there are one or two technical judgements amidst these: Šuʿbah assesses the accuracy of one transmitter and identifies another as a raffāʿ, and al-Nuʿmān b. ʿAbd al-Salām judges someone to be ṯiqah maʾmūn. However, in the mid-to-late 8th Century (at least in the limited sample under consideration), technical judgements are the exception, not the rule. Even Yaḥyá b. Saʿīd al-Qaṭṭān is attributed an equal mix of the two: his statements about ʾAbū Šihāb’s subpar memory and the relative merits of Hišām’s Madinan and Iraqian Hadith (framed in a dream discussion with Mālik) are at least judgements of tradents in relation to their transmission of Hadith, and the observation that he never transmitted from ʾIsrāʾīl and Šarīk could also be understood to be a principled rejection of their Hadith; but his statements that al-ʾAʿmaš was “an exemplar of Islam” and al-Zuhrī was a bastion of surviving knowledge both seem decidedly non-technical.
From ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mahdī onward, however, more technical judgements begin to predominate in the sample: although two of his statements concerning Ḥammād b. Zayd—that he was a great religious leader and knowledgeable on the Sunnah—seem non-technical in the Hadith-critical sense, his other statements—declaring someone to be ṯiqah, another to be ḍaʿīf, and another to be discerning in regards to Hadith and tradents—seem technical. (To this we might add his ostensible refusal to transmit from Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād, which is vague, but can be understood to be a principled rejection.) Thereafter, non-technical statements still occasionally appear, but technical judgements predominate: ʾAbū ʿĀmir al-ʿAqadī informed a questioner that he would accept and reject some of someone’s hadith; al-Šāfiʿī declared someone’s writings to be kaḏib; Yazīd b. Hārūn declared someone to be ṯiqah; al-Faḍl b. Dukayn declared someone to be frequent in erring; ʾAbū al-Walīd al-Ṭayālisī declared someone to be ṯiqah ṣadūq; and ʿUbayd b. Yaʿīš likewise declared someone to be ṯiqah. Thereafter, we reach the era of Ibn Maʿīn and Ibn Ḥanbal, and a veritable flood of technical judgements.
In short, a diachronic survey of this sample of 1,085 tradent-critical judgements reveals the following development: some notable traditionists operating in the mid-to-late 8th Century CE issued judgements on some tradents, but these ‘judgements’ were overwhelmingly non-technical (e.g., hyperbole and rhetoric) or even not strictly Hadith-related; then, at the turn of the 9th Century CE, traditionists increasingly used more technical terms (such as ṯiqah and ḍaʿīf); then, from the early 9th Century CE onward, the familiar technical terms of Hadith criticism proper proliferated. Technical-seeming judgements first appear—amidst non-technical judgements—with the Basran traditionist Šuʿbah b. al-Ḥajjāj (d. 160/777) and continue to reappear with his students al-Nuʿmān b. ʿAbd al-Salām (Isfahanian, d. 183/799-800), Yaḥyá b. Saʿīd al-Qaṭṭān (Basran, d. 198/813), ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mahdī (Basran, d. 198/814), Yazīd b. Hārūn (Wasitian, d. 206/821), al-Faḍl b. Dukayn (Kufan, d. 206/821), and ʾAbū al-Walīd al-Ṭayālisī (Basran, d. 227/842), but it is only with the next generation—those whose status as proper Hadith critics is beyond contest, such as the Baghdadian traditionists Ibn Maʿīn (d. 233/848) and Ibn Ḥanbal (d. 241/855)—that technical judgments eclipse non-technical judgements.
Final Points of Interest
Before concluding this survey, there are several miscellaneous points that can be made regarding some of the material cited herein, with relevance to the history and practice of Hadith criticism.
Firstly, it is interesting to note that the Basro-Baghdadian scholar Muḥammad b. Saʿd is one of the more frequently cited authorities in the sample under consideration, despite the fact that he was not actually a proper traditionist (muḥaddiṯ), let alone a proper Hadith critic (nāqid): Ibn Saʿd was a litterateur (ʾadīb) specialising in prosopography and history rather than Hadith proper (i.e., doctrinal reports), and was not actually cited as a fellow authority by any early Hadith critics, all of which makes it highly questionable that his judgements arose from the application of the same Hadith-critical method used by the likes of al-Buḵārī.[33] And yet, despite this, Ibn Saʿd largely used the same technical terms (ṯiqah, ṣadūq, ḍaʿīf, etc.) as his Hadith-critic contemporaries Ibn Maʿīn and Ibn Ḥanbal, which clearly shows that he was at least influenced by the tradition of Hadith criticism that was emerging in his native Basrah and Iraq more generally at the time.
Secondly, it seems clear that later Hadith critics did not always inherit clear or explicit judgements on some tradents from their predecessors, forcing them to infer the judgements of said predecessors’ thereon. Thus, in two instances (cited above), al-Fallās noted the failure of one of his famous Hadith-critic teachers to transmit from a certain tradent: Yaḥyá b. Saʿīd al-Qaṭṭān would not transmit from ʾIsrāʾīl and Šarīk, and ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mahdī would not transmit from Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād, both of which were evidently interpreted as negative judgements of some kind. Conversely, al-Ḏahabī seemingly interpreted the transmission of ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq al-Sabīʿī and others from ʾAbū ʿUbaydah as an implicit declaration of reliability, as noted previously.
Thirdly, there is a plausible instance in which hadiths with unorthodox content are simply presumed to be false and taken to reflect poorly upon a transmitter, when Ibn ʿAdī al-Qaṭṭān discusses ʿAbd al-Razzāq’s mixed status: “Verily, I like to think that there is no problem with him (fa-ʾinnī ʾarjū ʾanna-hu lā baʾs bi-hi), except for the hadiths from him that were mentioned previously (ʾillā ʾanna-hu qad sabaqa min-hu ʾaḥādīṯ), concerning the virtues of the ʾAhl al-Bayt and the vices of others (fī faḍāʾil ʾahl al-bayt wa-maṯālib ʾâḵirīn), [which are] objectionable (manākīr).”[34] This seems consistent with Christopher Melchert’s observation that “unorthodox hadith were dismissed out of hand, without the usual tests.”[35]
Fourthly, there are several instances where the actual process or methodology of Hadith criticism proper is visible, which is relatively rare: in the overwhelming majority of cases (not just in this sample, but in Hadith-related literature in general), judgements of hadiths and tradents are given without any kind of argumentation or reasoning. In these instances, however, Hadith critics can be seen explicitly appealing to corroboration (or a lack thereof) in their assessment of specific tradents:
- al-Ḵaṭīb al-Baḡdādī—ʾAḥmad b. Muḥammad—ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad—Muḥammad b. Ṭālib: “I asked ʾAbū ʿAlī [Jazarah] Ṣāliḥ b. Muḥammad about ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī al-Zinād, then he said: “He transmitted things from his father [that no one] else transmitted (qad rawá ʿan ʾabī-hi ʾašyāʾ lam yarwi-hā ḡayru-hu).””[36]
- Ibn ʿAdī: “I am not aware of [anyone who] transmitted this hadith from Hišām other than Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād (lā ʾaʿlamu rawá hāḏā al-ḥadīṯ ʿan hišām ḡayr ibn ʾabī al-zinād).”[37]
- Ibn Ḥajar—…—al-Sājī: “He [i.e., Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān] transmits from Hišām and Suhayl hadiths that were not corroborated (ʾaḥādīṯ lā yutābaʿu ʿalay-hā).”[38]
- Ibn Ḥibbān: “He [i.e., Ibn ʾabī al-Zinād] was amongst those who would transmit mixed-up hadiths in isolation from reliable tradents (kāna mimman yanfaridu bi-al-maqlūbāt ʿan al-ʾaṯbāt), due to the poor state of his memorisation (wa-kāna ḏālika min sūʾ ḥifẓi-hi) and the frequency of his erring (wa-kaṯrat ḵaṭaʾi-hi). Argumentation cannot rest upon a report of his (fa-lā yajūzu al-iḥtijāj bi-ḵabari-hi), when he transmits a hadith in isolation (ʾiḏā infarada); but as for that which is corroborated by [other] reliable tradents (fa-ʾammā fī-mā wāfaqa al-ṯiqāt), he is [in such cases] trustworthy in transmission [and can be] relied upon in argumentation (fa-huwa ṣādiq fī al-riwāyāt yuḥtajju bi-hi).”[39]
- Ibn Ḥibbān: “Manṣūr b. Suqayr [sic] ʾAbū al-Naḍr: a Baghdadian shaykh; he transmits mixed-up hadiths (al-maqlūbāt) from Mūsá b. ʾAʿyan and ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿUmar; reliance upon him in argumentation is not permissible (lā yajūzu al-iḥtijāj bi-hi), when he transmits in isolation (ʾiḏā infarada).”[40]
In these instances, it is clear that a tradent’s transmitting of hadiths that no one else transmitted—especially from famous or well-known sources—was deemed to be suspect, which is to say, evidence of unreliability.[41]
Conclusion
In the course of my PhD research on the hadith of ʿĀʾišah’s marital age, I assembled a private biographical dictionary of information on the approximately 346 tradents who are cited in the various isnads of the different versions of the hadith. This included 1,085 judgements—from 127 different figures, most of whom were proto-Sunnī Hadith critics or classical Sunnī Hadith scholars—concerning the character of these tradents, which I collated and summarised in the present article.
By analysing this material diachronically, it was possible to gain some insights concerning the development of proto-Sunnī Hadith criticism: (1) non-technical statements (and even statements not strictly related to Hadith) predominate in the 8th Century CE, whilst technical judgements increase around the turn of the 9th Century CE and overwhelmingly predominate thereafter; (2) the rise of technical judgements—though initially sporadic or interspersed with non-technical statements—is associated with the Basran traditionist Šuʿbah b. al-Ḥajjāj (d. 160/777) and his students; (3) the first figure whose judgements were preserved in any kind of systematic or largescale fashion was the Baghdadian traditionist Yaḥyá b. Maʿīn (d. 233/848); and (4) the figures whose judgements collectively dominated classical Sunnī Hadith scholarship—those whose judgements constitute the overwhelming majority of those cited in the sample under consideration—either authored famous tradent-critical works or else served as the primary sources in famous tradent-critical works authored by their students.
Of course, the sample of judgements under consideration is a relatively small one: a more systematic study of the reported judgements of 8th-Century traditionists will be required to definitively resolve the question of the origins of proto-Sunnī Hadith criticism. Still, the technical development visible even in this limited sample is striking: as things stand, it looks as though Hadith criticism proper—the system that ultimately produced the Sunnī Hadith canon—had its roots in the idiosyncratic appraisals of Šuʿbah and his students in mid-to-late 8th-Century Iraq, but only became systematic and technical (i.e., only fully became itself, as it were) in the 9th Century CE.
* * *
Thus ends this interlude or annex in my ongoing series on the origins of proto-Sunnī Hadith criticism. In Part 3, I will attempt to give a more definite answer to this historical question, and to integrate the evidence surveyed here with the primary sources outlined in Part 1 and the scholarly debates outlined in Part 2.
I owe special thanks to ʿAlī Jabbār and Saqib Hussain, for proofreading and correcting some parts of this article; and Mehrab, abcshake, Marijn van Putten, and especially Yet Another Student, for their generous support over on my Patreon.
[1] Muḥammad b. ʾAḥmad al-Ḏahabī (ed. ʿAlī Muḥammad al-Bijāwī), Mīzān al-Iʿtidāl fī Naqd al-Rijāl, vol. 1 (Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Maʿrifah, n. d.), p. 1.
[2] See https://islamicorigins.com/the-origins-of-early-sunni-hadith-criticism-part-1-the-traditional-narratives/
[3] Muḥammad b. ʾAḥmad al-Ḏahabī (ed. Šuʿayb al-ʾArnaʾūṭ et al.), Siyar ʾAʿlām al-Nubalāʾ, vol. 4, 2nd ed. (Beirut, Lebanon: Muʾassasat al-Risālah, 1982), p. 363.
[4] ʾAbū al-Qāsim ʿAbd Allāh b. ʾAḥmad al-Kaʿbī al-Balḵī (ed. al-Ḥusaynī b. ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-Raḥīm), Qabūl al-ʾAḵbār wa-Maʿrifat al-Rijāl, vol. 1 (Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 2000), pp. 249-250. Also see ʿAbd Allāh b. ʾAḥmad b. Ḥanbal (ed. Waṣī Allāh b. Muḥammad ʿAbbās), Kitāb al-ʿIlal wa-Maʿrifat al-Rijāl, vol. 1 (Riyadh, KSA: Dār al-Ḵāniyy, 2001), p. 244, and ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAdī al-Qaṭṭān (ed. Māzin b. Muḥammad al-Sarsāwī), al-Kāmil fī Ḍuʿafāʾ al-Rijāl, vol. 1 (Riyadh, KSA: Maktabat al-Rušd, n. d.), p. 332.
[5] ʾAḥmad b. ʿAlī al-Ḵaṭīb al-Baḡdādī (ed. Baššār ʿAwwād Maʿrūf), Taʾrīḵ Madīnat al-Salām wa-ʾAḵbār Muḥaddiṯī-hā wa-Ḏikr Quṭṭāni-hā al-ʿUlamāʾ min Ḡayr ʾAhli-hā wa-Wāridī-hā, vol. 15 (Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Ḡarb al-ʾIslāmiyy, 2001), p. 643.
[6] ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʾabī Ḥātim, Kitāb al-Jarḥ wa-al-Taʿdīl, vol. 1 (Beirut, Lebanon: Dār ʾIḥyāʾ al-Turāṯ al-ʿArabiyy, 1952), p. 118.
[7] Ibid., p. 147; ibid., VI, p. 186.
[8] Ibn ʿAdī (ed. Sarsāwī), Kāmil, IX, p. 38. Cf. ʾAbū Zurʿah ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Karīm al-Rāzī & Saʿīd b. ʿAmr al-Barḏaʿī (ed. Saʿdī al-Hāšimī), ʾAbū Zurʿah al-Rāziyy wa-Juhūdu-hu fī al-Sunnah al-Nabawiyyah maʿa Taḥqīq Kitābi-hi al-Ḍuʿafāʾ wa-ʾAjwibati-hi ʿalá ʾAsʾilat al-Barḏaʿiyy, vol. 1 (Mansurah, Egypt: Dār al-Wafāʾ, 1989), p. 41: ʾamīr al-muʾminīn li-ḥifẓi-hi.
[9] Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim, Jarḥ, V, p. 49.
[10] ʾAbū Zurʿah al-Rāzī & al-Barḏaʿī (ed. Saʿdī), Ḍuʿafāʾ, II, pp. 425-426.
[11] Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim, Jarḥ, I, p. 20; ibid., VII, p. 193.
[12] ʾAbū al-Qāsim (ed. Ḥusaynī), Qabūl al-ʾAḵbār, I, pp. 275-276.
[13] ʾAbū Nuʿaym ʾAḥmad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-ʾIṣfahānī (ed. Sayyid Kasrawī Ḥasan), Taʾrīḵ ʾAṣbahān / ʾAḵbār ʾAṣbahān, vol. 1 (Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1990), p. 390.
[14] Muḥammad b. Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrá, vol. 1 (Beirut, Lebanon: Dār Ṣādir, n. d.), p. 7.
[15] Muḥammad b. ʿAmr al-ʿUqaylī (ed. Māzin b. Muḥammad al-Sarsāwī), Kitāb al-Ḍuʿafāʾ, vol. 3 (Cairo, Egypt: Dār Majd al-ʾIslām, 2008), p. 97.
[16] Ḵaṭīb (ed. Maʿrūf), Taʾrīḵ, X, p. 12.
[17] Ḏahabī, Siyar, V, p. 336.
[18] ʿUqaylī (ed. Sarsāwī), Ḍuʿafāʾ, I, p. 131.
[19] Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim, Jarḥ, I, p. 22.
[20] Ibid., II, p. 175.
[21] Ibid., I, pp. 176-177.
[22] Ibid., p, 177; ibid., III, p. 138.
[23] Ibid., V, p. 252.
[24] Ḏahabī, Siyar, VIII, p. 168.
[25] Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim, Jarḥ, II, p. 23.
[26] Ibid., VI, p. 24.
[27] Ibid., VIII, p. 21.
[28] Ḵaṭīb (ed. Maʿrūf), Taʾrīḵ, IV, pp. 17-18.
[29] Ibid., XVI, p. 550.
[30] Ibn ʾabī Ḥātim, Jarḥ, VIII, p. 136.
[31] Ibn Šāhīn [= ʿUmar b. ʾAḥmad al-Baḡdādī] (ed. Ṣubḥī al-Sāmarrāʾī), Taʾrīḵ ʾAsmāʾ al-Ṯiqāt (Kuwait: Dār al-Salafiyyah, 1984), p. 264.
[32] ʾIbrāhīm b. Yaʿqūb al-Saʿdī al-Jūzajānī (ed. Ṣubḥī al-Badrī al-Samarrāʾī), ʾAḥwāl al-Rijāl, vol. 1 (Beirut, Lebanon: Muʾassasat al-Risālah, n. d.), p. 128. Also see ʾAbū al-Qāsim (ed. Ḥusaynī), Qabūl al-ʾAḵbār, I, p. 250: “The most doomed of the Seven in Kufah were their little al-ʾAʿmaš and ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq.” I owe thanks to Saqib Hussain for the insight that ʾuʿaymiš is probably the diminutive of al-ʾAʿmaš.
[33] E.g., Christopher Melchert, ‘The Life and Works of al-Nasāʾī’, Journal of Semitic Studies, Volume 59, Issue 2 (2014), 400.
[34] Ibn ʿAdī (ed. Sarsāwī), Kāmil, VIII, p. 459. Also see al-Dodomi, ‘ʿAbd al-Razzāq’s Shīʿīsm and the Limits of Sunni Hadith Criticism’, Shiitic Studies blog (17th/November/2022): https://shiiticstudies.com/2022/11/17/%CA%BFabd-al-razzaqs-shi%CA%BFism-and-the-limits-of-sunni-hadith-criticism/
[35] Christopher Melchert, Ahmad ibn Hanbal (Oxford, UK: Oneworld Publications, 2006), 53.
[36] Ḵaṭīb (ed. Maʿrūf), Taʾrīḵ, XI, p. 497.
[37] Ibn ʿAdī (ed. Sarsāwī), Kāmil, VII, p. 140.
[38] ʾAḥmad b. ʿAlī b. Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Tahḏīb al-Tahḏīb, vol. 4 (Beirut, Lebanon: Dār Ṣādir, 1968), p. 56.
[39] Muḥammad b. Ḥibbān al-Bustī (ed. Maḥmūd ʾIbrāhīm Zāyid), Kitāb al-Majrūḥīn, vol. 2 (Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Maʿrifah, 1992), p. 56.
[40] Ibid., III, pp. 39-40.
[41] More generally, see the scholarship and evidence cited in: https://islamicorigins.com/a-summary-of-early-sunni-hadith-criticism/